Resistance training

1. Resistance training improves leg extensor performance in humans.

   Human trial12 weeksn = 27

   The effects of chronic beetroot juice supplementation with resistance training on skeletal muscle mitochondrial and redox markers in middle-aged and older adults · European journal of applied physiology · 3 Oct 2026

1. Resistance training increases mitochondrial biogenesis (PGC-1α) in humans.

   Human trialtotal body RT (2 days per week)vastus lateralis12 weeksn = 27

   The effects of chronic beetroot juice supplementation with resistance training on skeletal muscle mitochondrial and redox markers in middle-aged and older adults · European journal of applied physiology · 3 Oct 2026

Mitochondrial biogenesis (PGC-1α) →

1. Resistance training increases CD11c+ macrophages in humans.

   Human trialskeletal muscle6 weeks

   Resistance exercise shifts muscle progenitor cells to support growth in older adults · bioRxiv · 28 Sep 2026 · Preprint

CD11c+ macrophages →

1. Resistance training increases CD90 high FAPs in humans.

   Human trialskeletal muscle6 weeks

   Resistance exercise shifts muscle progenitor cells to support growth in older adults · bioRxiv · 28 Sep 2026 · Preprint

CD90 high FAPs →

1. Resistance training has no effect on transcriptomics in humans.

   Human trialafter immobilization4 weeksfemalesn = 54

   Exercise mitigates disuse atrophy by building muscle reserve · medRxiv · 27 Sep 2026 · Preprint

1. Resistance training increases muscle fiber cross-sectional area in humans (+17.7%).

   Human trialquadriceps4 weeksfemalesn = 54

   Exercise mitigates disuse atrophy by building muscle reserve · medRxiv · 27 Sep 2026 · Preprint

1. Resistance training increases maximal voluntary contraction in humans (+15.2%).

   Human trialquadriceps4 weeksfemalesn = 54

   Exercise mitigates disuse atrophy by building muscle reserve · medRxiv · 27 Sep 2026 · Preprint

1. Resistance training increases quadriceps cross-sectional area in humans (+6.7%).

   Human trialquadriceps4 weeksfemalesn = 54

   Exercise mitigates disuse atrophy by building muscle reserve · medRxiv · 27 Sep 2026 · Preprint

1. Resistance training has no effect on appetite in humans.

   Human trial12-weeksmalesn = 33

   Appetite Responses Over 24-h Before and After 12-Weeks of Resistance Exercise in Older Male Adults: Secondary data analysis of a randomised trial · Physiology & behavior · 27 Sep 2026

1. Resistance training has no effect on appendicular lean mass index in humans (0.03 kg·m -2 (95% CI: -0.09 to 0.15)).

   “appendicular lean mass index: 0.03 kg·m -2 [-0.09 to 0.15]), indicating no clear differences across groups.”

   Human trial12 weeksn = 93

   Effects of Daily Rhythm-Aligned Training on Skeletal Muscle Adaptation in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial · Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 26 Sep 2026

Appendicular lean mass index →

1. Resistance training is associated with favorable self-rated health in humans.

   “muscle-strengthening PA was consistently associated with favorable SRH.”

   Humansn = 4,079

   Self-Rated Health Associated with Chronic Diseases and Types of Physical Activity Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study Using Explainable Machine Learning · Journal of clinical medicine · 13 Sep 2026