In models trained on 53,026 UK Biobank participants, 13 of 15 incident disease models maintained performance across FinnGen and All of Us cohorts.In models trained on 53,026 UK Biobank participants, 13 of 15 incident disease models maintained performance across FinnGen and All of Us cohorts. In a preprint analyzing human data across three major cohorts, researchers tested how well blood proteomic disease risk models transfer across…
In 81,318 UK Biobank adults, vertebral bone marrow fat rose 2.95% to 3.83% per decade across spinal regions, with higher levels in females.In 81,318 UK Biobank adults, vertebral bone marrow fat rose 2.95% to 3.83% per decade across spinal regions, with higher levels in females. In a retrospective study of 81,318 UK Biobank participants, researchers mapped bone marrow adipose tissue across the human spine.
Pretrained on 10 million images, the model assessed 62 biomarkers across eight physiological systems, reaching a median Pearson's r of 0.172 across…Pretrained on 10 million images, the model assessed 62 biomarkers across eight physiological systems, reaching a median Pearson's r of 0.172 across four cohorts. In human datasets, researchers developed MedicalFaceFound, a facial foundation model trained on over 10 million images to…
Algorithm scores correlated strongly with expert assessments at r = 0.99, identifying moderate-to-severe aortic stenosis with 0.92 sensitivity and…Algorithm scores correlated strongly with expert assessments at r = 0.99, identifying moderate-to-severe aortic stenosis with 0.92 sensitivity and 0.98 specificity. In nongated chest CT scans from patients across 33 sites in the United States and Brazil, an automated deep learning…
Adding automated CT biomarkers to an ICD-based frailty score raised one-year mortality prediction AUROC from 0.75 to 0.79 in 7,638 surgery patients.Adding automated CT biomarkers to an ICD-based frailty score raised one-year mortality prediction AUROC from 0.75 to 0.79 in 7,638 surgery patients. In a retrospective cohort of 7,672 patients undergoing non-emergent surgery at a tertiary academic center, researchers evaluated whether…
A reinforcement learning model alerted to Alzheimer's disease 20.9 months before diagnosis and autism 8.7 months before diagnosis, both at 90%…A reinforcement learning model alerted to Alzheimer's disease 20.9 months before diagnosis and autism 8.7 months before diagnosis, both at 90% specificity. In clinical electronic health record cohorts, researchers developed a model-free reinforcement learning framework to optimize the…
Across eight external cohorts, the score yielded C-indices of 0.67 to 0.86, outperforming recalibrated conventional comorbidity indices by absolute…Across eight external cohorts, the score yielded C-indices of 0.67 to 0.86, outperforming recalibrated conventional comorbidity indices by absolute gains of 0.12 to 0.21. In 770,439 adults from nine international longitudinal cohorts, researchers evaluated a large-language-model-based…
In people with osteoporosis, higher undercarboxylated osteocalcin correlated with greater medial prefrontal cortex volume, which predicted one-year…In people with osteoporosis, higher undercarboxylated osteocalcin correlated with greater medial prefrontal cortex volume, which predicted one-year cognitive decline with an AUC of 0.84.
Across about 80,000 human participants, simple anatomical measurements performed as well as complex AI models while improved pretraining boosted…Across about 80,000 human participants, simple anatomical measurements performed as well as complex AI models while improved pretraining boosted biological age estimation. In a preprint analyzing structural brain MRI scans from approximately 80,000 human participants across 18 datasets…
Compact models trained on synthetic UK Biobank cohorts predicted patient survival with concordance indices reaching 0.91 without exposing real…Compact models trained on synthetic UK Biobank cohorts predicted patient survival with concordance indices reaching 0.91 without exposing real clinical data. In health records from the UK Biobank, researchers developed a privacy-preserving computational framework to evaluate multimorbidity…
Adding brain MRI to baseline traits predicted conversion from subjective decline to mild impairment with an AUC of 0.923 at five years.Adding brain MRI to baseline traits predicted conversion from subjective decline to mild impairment with an AUC of 0.923 at five years. In an observational study of 1,352 human participants with subjective cognitive decline, researchers evaluated machine learning models to forecast…
The model counted teeth with a mean absolute error of 1.96 and matched manual associations with cognitive scores in a 233-person cohort.The model counted teeth with a mean absolute error of 1.96 and matched manual associations with cognitive scores in a 233-person cohort. In human brain MRI scans from the OASIS-3 study, researchers developed an automated pipeline to extract dental information from routine neuroimaging.
Corticosterone treatment shifts DNA methylation profiles in young chicks toward those of older birds and reshapes longevity pathways.Corticosterone treatment shifts DNA methylation profiles in young chicks toward those of older birds and reshapes longevity pathways. In zebra finch chicks (Taeniopygia guttata), experimental early-life stress accelerates epigenetic aging, according to a new preprint.
Researchers identified a conserved neural progenitor pool that drives weekly brain regeneration in Botryllus schlosseri but collapses during aging.Researchers identified a conserved neural progenitor pool that drives weekly brain regeneration in Botryllus schlosseri but collapses during aging. In the colonial chordate Botryllus schlosseri, the entire central nervous system resorbs and regenerates de novo each week.
Researchers linked poor auditory nerve synchrony and myelin degradation to amplified communication difficulties in older humans, beyond standard…Researchers linked poor auditory nerve synchrony and myelin degradation to amplified communication difficulties in older humans, beyond standard hearing thresholds. In a human study detailed in a preprint, researchers investigated how auditory nerve changes affect hearing in older adults.
Cell counts explain less variation in age acceleration and only modestly affect its links to mortality and 176 incident health outcomes.Cell counts explain less variation in age acceleration and only modestly affect its links to mortality and 176 incident health outcomes. In a human study analyzing 4,058 samples, researchers evaluated how blood cell composition influences DNA methylation age and age acceleration across six…
The three-dimensional cell platform maintains biological aging markers while spontaneously developing hallmark pathologies of sporadic Alzheimer…The three-dimensional cell platform maintains biological aging markers while spontaneously developing hallmark pathologies of sporadic Alzheimer disease. In a new preprint, researchers developed directly induced neuronal spheroids using primary fibroblasts from young, unimpaired aged, and…
