Molecular hydrogen

1. Molecular hydrogen decreases oxidative stress and ROS signaling.

   “Molecular hydrogen (H2) has recently been reported to function as an anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory agent for the treatment of several oxidative stress and aging-related diseases”

   Review

   Redox-Mechanisms of Molecular Hydrogen Promote Healthful Longevity

   Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)·Apr 24, 2023

2. Molecular hydrogen decreases oxidative stress and ROS signaling.

   “In doing so, H2 suppresses oxidative stress”

   Review

   Molecular Hydrogen as a Novel Protective Agent against Pre-Symptomatic Diseases

   International journal of molecular sciences·Jul 5, 2021

3. Molecular hydrogen decreases oxidative stress and ROS signaling.

   “molecular hydrogen has been widely demonstrated as a selective antioxidant.”

   Reviewin more than 170 disease models and human diseases

   Molecular hydrogen: current knowledge on mechanism in alleviating free radical damage and diseases

   Acta biochimica et biophysica Sinica·Dec 13, 2019

4. Molecular hydrogen decreases oxidative stress and ROS signaling in mice.

   “In mice, drinking H2-water decreased oxidative stress markers and suppressed the decline of memory impairment and neurodegeneration.”

   Animalsin dominant-negative aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 transgenic micewater infused with H2

   Effects of Molecular Hydrogen Assessed by an Animal Model and a Randomized Clinical Study on Mild Cognitive Impairment

   Current Alzheimer research·Mar 14, 2018

More on Oxidative stress and ROS signaling

1. Molecular hydrogen decreases inflammation.

   “Molecular hydrogen (H2) has recently been reported to function as an anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory agent”

   Review

   Redox-Mechanisms of Molecular Hydrogen Promote Healthful Longevity

   Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)·Apr 24, 2023

2. Molecular hydrogen prevents inflammation.

   “In addition, hydrogen may prevent inflammation and regulate the nutrient-sensing mTOR system, autophagy, apoptosis, and mitochondria, which are all factors related to ageing.”

   Review

   Role of Molecular Hydrogen in Ageing and Ageing-Related Diseases

   Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity·Mar 18, 2022

3. Molecular hydrogen decreases inflammation.

   “We discussed the antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptosis effects of hydrogen”

   Review

   Molecular hydrogen: current knowledge on mechanism in alleviating free radical damage and diseases

   Acta biochimica et biophysica Sinica·Dec 13, 2019

More on Inflammation

1. Molecular hydrogen decreases apoptosis in humans.

   “Apoptosis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was significantly less in the HW group”

   Human trialperipheral blood mononuclear cells1.5 L/d4 weeks

   Hydrogen-rich water reduces inflammatory responses and prevents apoptosis of peripheral blood cells in healthy adults: a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial

   Scientific reports·Jul 22, 2020

2. Molecular hydrogen inhibits apoptosis.

   “We discussed the antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptosis effects of hydrogen”

   Review

   Molecular hydrogen: current knowledge on mechanism in alleviating free radical damage and diseases

   Acta biochimica et biophysica Sinica·Dec 13, 2019

More on Apoptosis

1. Molecular hydrogen extends lifespan in mice.

   “Moreover, the mean lifespan in the H2-water group was longer than that of the control group.”

   Animalsin dominant-negative aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 transgenic micewater infused with H2

   Effects of Molecular Hydrogen Assessed by an Animal Model and a Randomized Clinical Study on Mild Cognitive Impairment

   Current Alzheimer research·Mar 14, 2018

2. Molecular hydrogen extends lifespan in mice.

   “In wild-type mice fed the fatty diet, H2-water improved the level of plasma triglycerides and extended their average of lifespan.”

   Animalswild-type mice fed a fatty dietwater infused with H2

   Molecular hydrogen stimulates the gene expression of transcriptional coactivator PGC-1α to enhance fatty acid metabolism

   NPJ aging and mechanisms of disease·Apr 28, 2016

1. Molecular hydrogen decreases ADAS-cog in humans.

   “carriers of the apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) genotype in the H2-group were improved significantly on total ADAS-cog score and word recall task score”

   Human trialin APOE4 carriers with MCIwater infused with H2~300 mL per day1 year

   Effects of Molecular Hydrogen Assessed by an Animal Model and a Randomized Clinical Study on Mild Cognitive Impairment

   Current Alzheimer research·Mar 14, 2018

2. Molecular hydrogen has no effect on ADAS-cog in humans.

   “there was no significant difference between the H2- and control groups in ADAS-cog score after 1 year”

   Human trialin MCI subjects overallwater infused with H2~300 mL per day1 yearn = 73

   Effects of Molecular Hydrogen Assessed by an Animal Model and a Randomized Clinical Study on Mild Cognitive Impairment

   Current Alzheimer research·Mar 14, 2018

More on ADAS-cog

1. Molecular hydrogen increases glucagon-like PEPTIDE-1 in humans (p = 0.05).

   “increased plasma glucagon-like peptide-1 levels (p = 0.05) compared to the control”

   Human trial15 mg daily8 weeksn = 36

   The Effects of 8-Week Hydrogen-Rich Water Consumption on Appetite, Body Composition, Sleep Quality, and Circulating Glucagon-like Peptide-1 in Obese Men and Women (HYDRAPPET): A Randomized Controlled Trial

   Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)·Jul 18, 2025

More on Glucagon-like PEPTIDE-1

1. Molecular hydrogen decreases total cholesterol in humans (p = 0.02).

   “reduced total cholesterol (p = 0.02) and LDL cholesterol (p = 0.04)”

   Human trial15 mg daily8 weeksn = 36

   The Effects of 8-Week Hydrogen-Rich Water Consumption on Appetite, Body Composition, Sleep Quality, and Circulating Glucagon-like Peptide-1 in Obese Men and Women (HYDRAPPET): A Randomized Controlled Trial

   Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)·Jul 18, 2025

More on Total cholesterol

1. Molecular hydrogen improves sleep quality in humans (p = 0.05).

   “improved subjective sleep quality (p = 0.05)”

   Human trial15 mg daily8 weeksn = 36

   The Effects of 8-Week Hydrogen-Rich Water Consumption on Appetite, Body Composition, Sleep Quality, and Circulating Glucagon-like Peptide-1 in Obese Men and Women (HYDRAPPET): A Randomized Controlled Trial

   Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)·Jul 18, 2025

1. Molecular hydrogen improves cravings in humans (p = 0.05).

   “hydrogen-rich water significantly mitigated cravings (p = 0.05)”

   Human trial15 mg daily8 weeksn = 36

   The Effects of 8-Week Hydrogen-Rich Water Consumption on Appetite, Body Composition, Sleep Quality, and Circulating Glucagon-like Peptide-1 in Obese Men and Women (HYDRAPPET): A Randomized Controlled Trial

   Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)·Jul 18, 2025

1. Molecular hydrogen decreases LDL cholesterol in humans (p ≤ 0.05).

   “along with reductions in total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels at the follow-up (p ≤ 0.05).”

   Human trialfollowing resistance training program12 mg of dihydrogen per serving, two times per daysix weeksn = 27

   The effects of drinking hydrogen-rich water for six weeks on exercise-related biomarkers in exercise-naïve men and women over 50 years following resistance training program: a randomized controlled pilot trial

   Research in sports medicine (Print)·Jun 17, 2025

More on LDL cholesterol

1. Molecular hydrogen is associated with microbiome composition in mice.

   “HRJ treatment increased Lactinobactor and decreased Akkermansia, Gracilibacter, and Marvinbryantia abundance.”

   Animalsin high-fat diet-loaded SAMP8 micehydrogen-rich jellycecal feces4 wk

   A preliminary therapeutic study of the effects of molecular hydrogen on intestinal dysbiosis and small intestinal injury in high-fat diet-loaded senescence-accelerated mice

   Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.)·Feb 5, 2024

More on Microbiome composition