Interventions

Thu 1 Oct59 papers

bioRxivAnimalsPreprint

Chemogenetic hydrogen sulfide production reverses vascular remodeling in aged mice

Targeting hydrogen sulfide generation to endothelial mitochondria mitigated senescence programs and reversed vascular remodeling in aged mice.Targeting hydrogen sulfide generation to endothelial mitochondria mitigated senescence programs and reversed vascular remodeling in aged mice. In aged mice, researchers tested a targeted chemogenetic system to rescue vascular senescence, according to a new preprint.

A thick-walled, constricted blood vessel contrasted with an open, thin-walled vessel, with magnified endothelial layers and a small mouse.
Research SquareHuman trialPreprint

Cognitive training improves MoCA scores in older adults with MCI

MoCA scores improved more with added cognitive training than active control at 3 months (β = 0.525) and 12 months (β = 1.627).MoCA scores improved more with added cognitive training than active control at 3 months (β = 0.525) and 12 months (β = 1.627). In this randomized controlled trial reported in a preprint, 146 older adults with mild cognitive impairment were assigned to an active control program or an added…

Cognitive training
Research SquareAnimalsPreprint

Gut microbes from hearing loss patients trigger inner ear damage in young mice

Fecal transplants from elderly hearing loss patients induced blood-labyrinth barrier breakdown, neuroinflammation, and hair cell loss in recipient…Fecal transplants from elderly hearing loss patients induced blood-labyrinth barrier breakdown, neuroinflammation, and hair cell loss in recipient mice. In a preprint study, researchers transferred gut microbiota from patients with age-related hearing loss and healthy elderly controls into…

Two mice exposed to microbes above diagrams of an intact inner ear on the left and a damaged, leaking inner ear with dying hair cells on the right.
Ear
Advanced ScienceAnimals

Biomimetic nanozymes reduce neuroinflammation and cognitive decline in aged mice

Neutrophil-coated nanoparticles crossed the blood-brain barrier, altered microglial metabolism, and improved cognitive performance after surgery in…Neutrophil-coated nanoparticles crossed the blood-brain barrier, altered microglial metabolism, and improved cognitive performance after surgery in older mice. In an aged mouse model of perioperative neurocognitive disorders, researchers tested a biomimetic nanozyme platform designed to…

Graphical abstract
Blood and immune system
Chinese Journal of Natural MedicinesAnimals

Syringin reduces cellular senescence and pulmonary fibrosis in mice and cell models

Computational screening identified the natural compound, which interacts with CHK1 to blunt replication stress and fibrotic signaling.Computational screening identified the natural compound, which interacts with CHK1 to blunt replication stress and fibrotic signaling. In human lung datasets, cultured fibroblasts, and mice with bleomycin-induced lung injury, researchers investigated how targeting senescence could treat…

A mouse sits beside lungs above two panels contrasting dense, scarred tissue full of dark fibres against sparse, healthy tissue with open air spaces.
Lung
The New England Journal of MedicineHuman trial

Retatrutide reduces weight and pain in adults with obesity

Mean body weight fell up to 25.0% with retatrutide versus 3.9% on placebo over 80 weeks in adults with obesity.Mean body weight fell up to 25.0% with retatrutide versus 3.9% on placebo over 80 weeks in adults with obesity. In a phase 3 trial involving 2339 adults with obesity without diabetes, weekly retatrutide injections significantly reduced body weight over 80 weeks.

GLP-1 receptor agonists
Science AdvancesModel organisms

Transcriptomic longevity modules predict life span-extending compounds in roundworms

Researchers built a predictive model in roundworms, validated ten life-extending compounds, and identified conserved aging modules linked to frailty…Researchers built a predictive model in roundworms, validated ten life-extending compounds, and identified conserved aging modules linked to frailty in mice. In the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, researchers built a computational model to predict potential geroprotective compounds by…

Model aging transcriptome using PCA clock and application of PCA clock to explain interventions.
Science Translational MedicineHuman trial

Fenofibrate improves cognition in chronic brain injury trial

In a randomized trial of 40 older adults with chronic traumatic brain injury, fenofibrate lowered plasma neurofilament light chain levels and improved…In a randomized trial of 40 older adults with chronic traumatic brain injury, fenofibrate lowered plasma neurofilament light chain levels and improved cognitive function. In animal models, clinical specimens, and patients, researchers investigated how cranial bone marrow affects chronic…

Blood and immune system
PLOS OneHuman trial

High-intensity walking improves frailty in older adults

Frailty category improved in 69.6% of high-intensity walkers compared with 46.4% of casual-speed walkers over a 16-week intervention.Frailty category improved in 69.6% of high-intensity walkers compared with 46.4% of casual-speed walkers over a 16-week intervention. In a cluster-randomized trial of 105 prefrail and frail older adults aged 60 and older living in retirement communities, researchers tested whether walking…

Consort diagram.
Walking
AIDS and BehaviorHuman trial

Tailored text messages sustain exercise in older people with HIV

Recipients of tailored messages maintained 30.5 minutes of daily physical activity compared to 26.0 minutes in the educational control group over 12…Recipients of tailored messages maintained 30.5 minutes of daily physical activity compared to 26.0 minutes in the educational control group over 12 weeks. In a clinical trial of 118 people with HIV aged 50 and older, researchers examined behavioral strategies to preserve physical…

Figure 1
HIV infection
International Journal of UrologyHumans

Anticholinergics link to higher dementia risk in older women

Anticholinergic use was associated with higher incident dementia risk compared with β3-agonist use (hazard ratio, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.04–2.13).Anticholinergic use was associated with higher incident dementia risk compared with β3-agonist use (hazard ratio, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.04–2.13). In a retrospective study of women aged 65 to 84 years in Japan, researchers compared long-term outcomes between two classes of overactive bladder…

Dementia
GliaAnimals

Oral 4-methylumbelliferone remodels brain extracellular matrix and improves memory in aged mice

The compound reduced perineuronal nets, dampened glial activation, and cut immune cell infiltration while restoring recognition memory.The compound reduced perineuronal nets, dampened glial activation, and cut immune cell infiltration while restoring recognition memory. In aged mice between 20 and 22 months old, brain aging is marked by perineuronal net accumulation, elevated glial activation, and peripheral immune cell…

Graphical abstract
Blood and immune system
Neurology GeneticsHumans

GLP-1 receptor agonists link to lower stroke and Alzheimer risk

A cross-ancestry Mendelian randomization study of up to 1,812,017 individuals linked genetically proxied GLP-1 receptor agonist exposure to reduced…A cross-ancestry Mendelian randomization study of up to 1,812,017 individuals linked genetically proxied GLP-1 receptor agonist exposure to reduced risk of stroke and Alzheimer disease.

Summary of Analysis Plan.
GLP-1 receptor agonists
Frontiers in Aging NeuroscienceHumans

Statins link to lower mortality in critical stroke patients

Thirty-day mortality was 16.8% in statin users compared with 33.4% in non-users, with the largest survival benefits seen among patients with dementia.Thirty-day mortality was 16.8% in statin users compared with 33.4% in non-users, with the largest survival benefits seen among patients with dementia. In a retrospective study of 1,964 critically ill ischemic stroke patients from the MIMIC-IV database, researchers analyzed whether baseline…

Flowchart of patient selection for the MIMIC-IV derivation cohort and the external validation cohort.
Statins