Circulating metabolites

1. Circulating metabolites have no effect on lipid traits in humans.

   “One-sample MR showed no significant average causal effect of genetically predicted metabolites on lipid traits in the overall population.”

   Humansin overall population

   Gene-Environment Interaction Mendelian Randomization Reveals Statin-Dependent Associations Between Metabolites and Lipid Traits · Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 17 Sep 2026

1. Circulating metabolites predict critical limb ischemia in humans (∆C statistic, 0.041 [95% CI, 0.018-0.064]).

   Humansprospective cohort with median follow-up of 27 years27 yearsn = 3,759

   Metabolites Associated With Long-Term Risk of Peripheral Artery Disease: The ARIC Study · Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 27 Aug 2026

Critical limb ischemia →

1. Circulating metabolites predict peripheral artery disease in humans (∆C statistic, 0.017 [95% CI, 0.008-0.025]).

   Humansprospective cohort with median follow-up of 27 years27 yearsn = 3,759

   Metabolites Associated With Long-Term Risk of Peripheral Artery Disease: The ARIC Study · Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 27 Aug 2026

Peripheral artery disease →