Biomarkers

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Cardiovascular DiabetologyHumans

Combined frailty and metabolic index tracks multimorbidity risk

Across 5,586 Chinese adults, each standard-deviation increment in CTI-FI was associated with a 1.342 hazard ratio for incident cardiometabolic…Across 5,586 Chinese adults, each standard-deviation increment in CTI-FI was associated with a 1.342 hazard ratio for incident cardiometabolic multimorbidity. Researchers analyzed 5,586 middle-aged and older participants from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study who were…

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Frailty index
Neurology Open AccessHumans

Epigenetic age links to higher dementia risk in older adults

In 2,606 participants, higher DunedinPACE was associated with increased risks of mild cognitive impairment (hazard ratio 1.16) and all-cause dementia…In 2,606 participants, higher DunedinPACE was associated with increased risks of mild cognitive impairment (hazard ratio 1.16) and all-cause dementia (hazard ratio 1.30). In 2,606 Framingham Heart Study Offspring cohort participants (mean age 66 years), researchers examined how three DNA…

GrimAge
American Journal of Preventive CardiologyHumans

Carotid thickness partly mediates cardiovascular health benefits

Carotid intima-media thickness mediated 3.64% of the link between cardiovascular health metrics and disease events in 358,650 adults.Carotid intima-media thickness mediated 3.64% of the link between cardiovascular health metrics and disease events in 358,650 adults. A study evaluated 358,650 adults aged 35 to 75 years without baseline cardiovascular disease from a national cohort in China.

Graphical abstract
Cardiovascular disease
Frontiers in Public HealthHumans

Machine learning stratifies disability risk in older adults

An XGBoost model reached an AUC of 0.782 in an external cohort of 2,066 older adults to predict basic activities of daily living disability.An XGBoost model reached an AUC of 0.782 in an external cohort of 2,066 older adults to predict basic activities of daily living disability. In a study of older adults aged 65 and older, researchers developed and externally validated a machine learning model to predict disability risk.

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American Journal of Preventive CardiologyHumans

AI detects coronary calcium in adults with zero scores

In individuals with conventional zero scores, AI-detected calcium tracked a 7.7% 20-year coronary heart disease incidence compared with 3.8% in those…In individuals with conventional zero scores, AI-detected calcium tracked a 7.7% 20-year coronary heart disease incidence compared with 3.8% in those without. In a pooled analysis of 3,965 human participants from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and the Framingham Heart Study with…

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Coronary heart disease
The Journal of Nutrition, Health & AgingHumans

Metabolic signature links frailty to coronary artery disease

A 36-metabolite signature mediated an estimated 18.5% of the association between frailty and incident coronary artery disease over a median 14.8-year…A 36-metabolite signature mediated an estimated 18.5% of the association between frailty and incident coronary artery disease over a median 14.8-year follow-up. In 223,907 UK Biobank participants free of coronary artery disease at baseline, researchers tracked cardiovascular outcomes over…

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Coronary artery disease
arXivIn silicoPreprint

Speech model flags cognitive decline and generates explanations

Tested across six dataset and task conditions, the bilingual framework outperformed three baselines while directly generating natural-language…Tested across six dataset and task conditions, the bilingual framework outperformed three baselines while directly generating natural-language explanations for clinicians. In human speech datasets from individuals with Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment, researchers…

Mild cognitive impairment
arXivIn silicoPreprint

Acoustic noise alters speech-based Alzheimer's model predictions

Across three self-supervised learning models tested on ADReSSo speech audio, controlled acoustic interventions systematically shifted diagnostic…Across three self-supervised learning models tested on ADReSSo speech audio, controlled acoustic interventions systematically shifted diagnostic predictions for Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease
Scientific ReportsHumans

Miscarriage propensity links to higher type 2 diabetes risk

In 39,468 women, each 0.1-unit rise in miscarriage propensity was associated with a hazard ratio of 1.38 for incident type 2 diabetes.In 39,468 women, each 0.1-unit rise in miscarriage propensity was associated with a hazard ratio of 1.38 for incident type 2 diabetes. In 42,313 gravid Sister Study participants, researchers evaluated whether a history-based measure of miscarriage propensity predicts subsequent gestational…

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Gestational diabetes mellitus
Alzheimer's Research & TherapyHumans

Probable REM sleep disorder links to Lewy body dementia

In a memory clinic cohort, probable REM sleep behaviour disorder was linked to incident Lewy body dementia with a hazard ratio of 4.82.In a memory clinic cohort, probable REM sleep behaviour disorder was linked to incident Lewy body dementia with a hazard ratio of 4.82. In memory clinic patients and community-dwelling older adults, researchers evaluated whether a brief questionnaire for probable REM sleep behaviour…

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Dementia
Nature CommunicationsIn silico

Brain metabolism model predicts Alzheimer tau in humans

Trained on 1,088 participants, the machine learning framework predicted flortaucipir-PET with R² values of 0.34 to 0.71 and classified tau stages with…Trained on 1,088 participants, the machine learning framework predicted flortaucipir-PET with R² values of 0.34 to 0.71 and classified tau stages with 79% to 95% accuracy. In a study of 1,088 human participants spanning normal aging and Alzheimer’s disease and related disorders…

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Alzheimer's disease
NPJ Digital MedicineHumans

Brain signatures of BMI detect systemic disease better than BMI

Across six human cohorts and a 2.3-year follow-up, neural networks identified brain structural patterns tied to cardiometabolic and pulmonary…Across six human cohorts and a 2.3-year follow-up, neural networks identified brain structural patterns tied to cardiometabolic and pulmonary conditions. In human participants from six independent cohorts, researchers applied deep learning to T1-weighted MRI scans to isolate structural…

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