2-deoxy-d-glucose
- 5 independent labs in 3 countries
- Funders: National Institute on Aging and 5 more
- 2 of 14 findings with company ties
- Animals6
- Cells1
Outcomes
16Insulin
downin rats2
2 studies
Insulin
downin rats2
2-deoxy-d-glucose decreases insulin in rats.
“This agent reduced insulin levels and body temperature of rats, similar to the physiological effects of CR”
Review
Caloric restriction mimetics: the next phase
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences1 Dec 2005
2-deoxy-d-glucose decreases insulin in rats.
“In a six-month pilot study, 2DG lowered plasma insulin and body temperature in a manner analagous to that of CR.”
Reviewpilot studysix-month
Caloric restriction in primates and relevance to humans
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences1 Apr 2001
IFN-gamma-secreting effector memory CD8+ T-cells
downin mice1
1 study
IFN-gamma-secreting effector memory CD8+ T-cells
downin mice1
2-deoxy-d-glucose decreases IFN-gamma-secreting effector memory CD8+ T-cells in mice.
“inhibiting glycolysis using 2-deoxy-D-glucose or diet-based calorie restriction attenuated the increase in IFN-γ-secreting effector memory CD8+ T-cells”
Animalsin abacavir-treated B*57:01-Tg mice
British journal of pharmacology9 Apr 2026
Visual function
upin mice1
1 study
Visual function
upin mice1
2-deoxy-d-glucose improves visual function in mice.
“The protective effect of 2-DG against iron-induced RPE senescence was further confirmed in a mouse model, where it preserved visual function and reduced senescence markers.”
Animalsin iron-induced RPE senescence mouse model
Investigative ophthalmology & visual science1 Apr 2026
Cellular senescence
downin human cells1
1 study
Cellular senescence
downin human cells1
2-deoxy-d-glucose decreases cellular senescence in human cells.
“early inhibition of this metabolic surge with 2-DG or PKM2-IN-1 effectively attenuated senescence by reducing ROS levels and preserving mitochondrial function.”
Cellsin iron-overloaded RPE cells
Investigative ophthalmology & visual science1 Apr 2026
mTOR
downin mouse cells1
1 study
mTOR
downin mouse cells1
2-deoxy-d-glucose decreases mTOR in mouse cells.
“The blockade of glycolysis by 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG), but not the blockade of the communication network between pre-granulosa cells and oocyte by KIT inhibitor ISCK03, decreased short-term pyruvate deprivation-promoted mTOR activity.”
Cellspyruvate deprivationovary
Cell death & disease27 Jan 2022
Autophagy
upin rats1
1 study
Autophagy
upin rats1
2-deoxy-d-glucose increases autophagy in rats.
“higher expression of both cathepsin D and LC3 in the hearts of 2DG-treated rats which indicates an increase in autophagic flux.”
Animalsheart
Chronic ingestion of 2-deoxy-D-glucose induces cardiac vacuolization and increases mortality in rats
Toxicology and applied pharmacology22 Dec 2009
Cardiac vacuolization
upin rats1
1 study
Cardiac vacuolization
upin rats1
2-deoxy-d-glucose induces cardiac vacuolization in rats.
“Histopathological analysis of the hearts revealed increasing vacuolization of cardiac myocytes with dose”
Animalsheart
Chronic ingestion of 2-deoxy-D-glucose induces cardiac vacuolization and increases mortality in rats
Toxicology and applied pharmacology22 Dec 2009
Body temperature
downin rats1
1 study
Body temperature
downin rats1
2-deoxy-d-glucose decreases body temperature in rats.
“This agent reduced insulin levels and body temperature of rats, similar to the physiological effects of CR”
Review
Caloric restriction mimetics: the next phase
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences1 Dec 2005
Diet intake
no changein rats1
1 study
Diet intake
no changein rats1
2-deoxy-d-glucose has no effect on diet intake in rats.
“2DG did not affect body weight or diet intake yet had effects similar to DR.”
Animalsin male Fischer 344 rats
Neuroscience1 Jan 2005
Body weight
no changein rats1
1 study
Body weight
no changein rats1
2-deoxy-d-glucose has no effect on body weight in rats.
“The most important finding was that 2DG did not affect body weight or diet intake yet had effects similar to DR.”
Animalsin male Fischer 344 rats
Neuroscience1 Jan 2005