NLRP3 inflammasome

Pathway15 papers6 findings

In mice, the NLRP3 inflammasome is activated by faecal microbiota transplantation and AGTR2 knockout, but inhibited by icariin. In aging macrophage cells, it increases DNA fragmentation, whilst reviews link it to human lifespan and vessel-wall OLR1 activation.

Humans1
Animals5
Cells1

Interventions

Icariin

downin mice1

1 study

Icariin inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome in mice.
Animals
Icariin improves cognition and reduces neuroinflammation by promoting mitophagy in mice · Chinese journal of natural medicines · 1 Oct 2026

Icariin →

Fecal microbiota transplantation

upin mice1

1 study

Fecal microbiota transplantation activates NLRP3 inflammasome in mice.
Animalsdonor with ARHLgut microbiota of ARHL patientsspiral ligament
Gut microbes from hearing loss patients trigger inner ear damage in young mice · Research Square · 30 Sep 2026 · Preprint

Fecal microbiota transplantation →

AGTR2 knockout

upin mice1

1 study

AGTR2 knockout activates NLRP3 inflammasome in mice.
Animalsheart
Lack of the AT2R receptor accelerates cardiac senescence and fibrosis in aging mice · Clinical science (London, England : 1979) · 25 Sep 2026

AGTR2 knockout →

Effects

DNA fragmentation

upin cells1

1 study

NLRP3 inflammasome increases DNA fragmentation in cells.
Cellsduring agingbone marrow-derived macrophages
NLRP3 inflammasome activity shifts toward regulating cell fate in aged macrophages · Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine · 28 Sep 2026

DNA fragmentation →

Upstream

OLR1

upin humans1

1 study

OLR1 activates NLRP3 inflammasome in humans.
Reviewvessel wall
An Update of Oxidative Stress in Atherosclerosis with Emphasis on the LOX-1-NLRP3 Inflammasome Axis · Current atherosclerosis reports · 29 Sep 2026

OLR1 →

Associations

Lifespan

downin humans1

1 study

NLRP3 inflammasome is associated with lifespan in humans.
“Exceptional longevity also appears to depend on limiting the detrimental consequences of chronic inflammation through delayed or better-controlled inflammaging, restrained NLRP3 inflammasome activation and preserved capacity to buffer oxidative stress.”
Reviewexceptional longevity
Why Some People Live Past 100: The Role of the Immune System in Centenarians, Semi-Supercentenarians and Supercentenarians · International journal of molecular sciences · 21 Sep 2026

Latest

Chronic Inflammation as an Underlying Pathogenetic Mechanism of Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases: Molecular, Cellular, and Therapeutic Dimensions

ReviewPreprintPreprints.orgYesterday

HumansPreprintInflammaging1 Oct

ASXL1 mutations in clonal hematopoiesis accelerate aortic valve calcification

Large human cohort data and cell experiments show that ASXL1-driven clonal hematopoiesis worsens aortic valve hemodynamics and promotes calcification through inflammatory signaling.

medRxiv · Small A et al.

Paper

AnimalsPreprintInflammaging1 Oct

Cathelicidin peptide aids fracture healing in young mice but impairs it in aged mice

Depleting Camp accelerated bone callus formation in aged mice while delaying repair in young mice through P2X7 receptor and NLRP3 signaling.

bioRxiv · Nguyen T et al.

Paper

AnimalsPreprintInflammaging1 Oct

Gut microbes from hearing loss patients trigger inner ear damage in young mice

Fecal transplants from elderly hearing loss patients induced blood-labyrinth barrier breakdown, neuroinflammation, and hair cell loss in recipient mice.

Research Square · Liu Y et al.

Paper