IL-1β and TNF-α

Biomarker

1 paper1 finding

  • Animals1

Interventions

1

Metformin

downin mice1

1 study
  1. Metformin decreases IL-1β and TNF-α in mice.

    “reduced serum and tibial IL-1β and TNF-α.”

    AnimalsOVX miceserum and tibia

    Gut microbe products helped metformin protect bone in mice

    European journal of pharmacology14 Oct 2026

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European Journal of Pharmacology

Gut microbe products helped metformin protect bone in mice

Experiments in mice with ovaries removed linked the drug’s bone benefits to short-chain fatty acids, small molecules made by gut bacteria.Experiments in mice with ovaries removed linked the drug’s bone benefits to short-chain fatty acids, small molecules made by gut bacteria.

Experiments in miceMetformin