Humans1,359 consecutive patientsCross-sectional study

The Double-Deficient Older Inpatient: Vitamin D and Vitamin B12 Co-Deficiency Identifies the Greatest Cognitive and Affective Burden

Figure 1. Classification of the study population according to combined vitamin D and vitamin B12 status.
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Figure 1. Classification of the study population according to combined vitamin D and vitamin B12 status.Classification of the study population according to combined vitamin D and vitamin B12 status.Avram et al. · CC BY

Nutrients

Abstract

Background/objectives Vitamin D and vitamin B12 deficiencies are both widespread among older adults, yet their combined status is rarely examined within the same cohort and whether the two exposures interact or simply accumulate remains unresolved.

The paper

Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy

Nutrients · 20 Sep 2026 · CC BY

doi.org/10.3390/nu18183078PubMed 42797061

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