Degenerative bone and joint disease

1. ferro-aging is associated with degenerative bone and joint disease (ACSL4-associated ferro-aging).

   “ACSL4-associated ferro-aging contributes to the pathogenesis of OP, OA, and IVDD”

   ReviewACSL4-associated ferro-aging

   Ferro-aging: a potential driver of degenerative bone and joint diseases

   Cell communication and signaling : CCS·Sep 4, 2026

1. Cumulative frailty burden is linked with a higher risk of degenerative bone and joint disease in humans (cumulative burden measured as total frailty index).

   “Frailty progression and cumulative frailty burden confer substantially increased risks”

   Humanscumulative burden measured as total frailty index

   Changes in frailty and incident risk of degenerative bone and joint diseases and their multimorbidity: a prospective cohort study

   Frontiers in public health·May 8, 2026

More on Cumulative frailty burden

1. Frailty recovery is linked with a lower risk of degenerative bone and joint disease in humans (recovery from pre-frailty to non-frailty; evidence described as less consistent overall) (HR 0.80 (95%CI 0.71-0.91)).

   “frailty recovery from pre-frailty to non-frailty was associated with a decreased risk of DBJDs (HR = 0.80, 95%CI = 0.71-0.91)”

   Humansrecovery from pre-frailty to non-frailty; evidence described as less consistent overall

   Changes in frailty and incident risk of degenerative bone and joint diseases and their multimorbidity: a prospective cohort study

   Frontiers in public health·May 8, 2026

More on Frailty recovery

1. Frailty progression is linked with a higher risk of degenerative bone and joint disease in humans (HR 1.33 (95%CI 1.21-1.47) non-frail to pre-frail/frail; HR 1.39 (95%CI 1.20-1.60) pre-frail to frail).

   “those who progressed to worse status had increased risks of DBJDs”

   Humanstransitions to worse frailty status: non-frail to pre-frail/frail (HR 1.33) and pre-frail to frail (HR 1.39)

   Changes in frailty and incident risk of degenerative bone and joint diseases and their multimorbidity: a prospective cohort study

   Frontiers in public health·May 8, 2026

More on Frailty progression

1. Frailty is linked with a higher risk of degenerative bone and joint disease in humans (frail compared with baseline non-frail participants) (HR 2.06 (95%CI 2.01-2.11)).

   “frail individuals had substantially higher risks of both DBJDs (HR = 2.06, 95%CI = 2.01-2.11)”

   Humansfrail compared with baseline non-frail participants

   Changes in frailty and incident risk of degenerative bone and joint diseases and their multimorbidity: a prospective cohort study

   Frontiers in public health·May 8, 2026

More on Frailty

1. Age raises the risk of degenerative bone and joint disease.

   “Aging is the strongest risk factor for degenerative bone and joint diseases.”

   Review

   Regulatory mechanisms and clinical manifestations of musculoskeletal aging

   Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society·Mar 29, 2019