Menopausal status
Menopausal status has been studied in 16 papers since 2009: 1 trial and 14 observational studies in people, 1 in cells; 6 in the past year. The newest paper, Aug 27, 2026: “Single-cell mapping of the fallopian tube reveals a genomically unstable secretory cell state enriched in carriers of germline BRCA1/2 mutations”.
16 papers study it10 findingsUpdated
“Independently of E(2) status, POST women had lower GH responses to both GHRH (P = 0.028) and GHRP-2 (P < 0.001) than PRE women.”
None of its findings points the other way.
- 7 independent labs in 5 countries
- Funders: European Society of Endocrinology and others
- Human trial1
- Humans14
- Cells1
What did studies of Menopausal status find?
5Studies of Menopausal status measured 5 outcomes; the most studied are ciliated cell (1 study), bone mineral density (1) and early crestal bone loss (1).
Ciliated cell
downin humans1
1 study
Ciliated cell
downin humans1
Menopausal status is linked with lower ciliated cell in humans.
“Menopause was associated with depletion of ciliated cells”
Humansfallopian tubefemalesn = 34
bioRxivPreprint
Bone mineral density
downin humans1
1 study
Bone mineral density
downin humans1
Menopausal status is linked with lower bone mineral density in humans (postmenopausal versus premenopausal females).
“Postmenopausal females had significantly higher body mass index and lower bone mineral density ( P < 0.05).”
Humanspostmenopausal versus premenopausal femalesfemalesn = 141
Journal of Indian Prosthodontic Society
Early crestal bone loss
upin humans1
1 study
Early crestal bone loss
upin humans1
Menopausal status is linked with higher early crestal bone loss in humans (postmenopausal versus premenopausal females) (1.20 ± 0.78 mm vs 0.65 ± 0.51 mm).
“Mean ECBL was significantly greater in postmenopausal females (1.20 ± 0.78 mm) than in premenopausal females (0.65 ± 0.51 mm; P < 0.001)”
Humanspostmenopausal versus premenopausal femalescrestal bonefemalesn = 141
Journal of Indian Prosthodontic Society
Apolipoprotein A-II
upin humans1
1 study
Apolipoprotein A-II
upin humans1
Menopausal status is linked with higher apolipoprotein A-II in humans (postmenopausal compared with premenopausal women) (standardized median 40.3 (37.5, 44.5) vs 32.9 (30.5, 35.7) g/l; P < 0.001).
“ApoA-II concentrations were also highest in postmenopausal women but were lowest in premenopausal women”
Humanspostmenopausal compared with premenopausal womenfemales
Effects of gender, age and menopausal status on serum apolipoprotein concentrations
Clinical endocrinology
Pulsatile growth hormone secretion
downin humans1
1 study
Pulsatile growth hormone secretion
downin humans1
Menopausal status decreases pulsatile growth hormone secretion in humans (independent of estradiol status; in response to GHRH and GHRP-2) (P = 0.028 (GHRH); P < 0.001 (GHRP-2)).
“Independently of E(2) status, POST women had lower GH responses to both GHRH (P = 0.028) and GHRP-2 (P < 0.001) than PRE women.”
Human trialindependent of estradiol status; in response to GHRH and GHRP-2females
American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism
What is Menopausal status linked with?
5Studies link Menopausal status with 5 measures, most often epiphora (1 study), breast cancer (1) and osteoclast resorption activity (1).
Epiphora
upin humans1OR 1.62
1 study
Epiphora
upin humans1OR 1.62
Menopausal status is linked with a higher risk of epiphora in humans (OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.24-2.11).
“postmenopausal status was independently associated with higher odds of epiphora (odds ratio 1.62, 95% confidence interval 1.24-2.11, p=0.002)”
Humansfully adjusted for age, race, body mass index, poverty income ratio, smoking, diabetes and hypertensionfemales
Ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery
Breast cancer
upin humans1
1 study
Breast cancer
upin humans1
Menopausal status is linked with a higher risk of breast cancer in humans (pre/peri-menopausal).
“The study found that having no hormone replacement therapy, pre/peri-menopausal, BMI group 1(10-24.99), Non-Hispanic White, and Scattered fibro glandular densities were all observed with having statistically greater breast cancer rates.”
Humanspre/peri-menopausalfemales
Preprint
Osteoclast resorption activity
upin humans1
1 study
Osteoclast resorption activity
upin humans1
Menopausal status is associated with osteoclast resorption activity in humans.
“age and menopausal status correlate with aggressive osteoclastic bone resorption in vitro”
Humans
Aging and menopause reprogram osteoclast precursors for aggressive bone resorption
Bone research
HDL cholesterol
downin humans1
1 study
HDL cholesterol
downin humans1
Menopausal status is associated with HDL cholesterol in humans.
“menopause and male gender were associated with a decreased cholesterol content of HDL particles”
Humansfemales
Effects of gender, age and menopausal status on serum apolipoprotein concentrations
Clinical endocrinology
Apolipoprotein B
upin humans1
1 study
Apolipoprotein B
upin humans1
Menopausal status is associated with Apolipoprotein B in women.
“male gender, ageing in women and menopause were associated with increased apoB concentrations”
Humansin women
Effects of gender, age and menopausal status on serum apolipoprotein concentrations
Clinical endocrinology