Vascular age gap

1. Smoking increases vascular age gap in humans (5.0 years (p=0.01)).

   “5.0 years in current smokers (p=0.01)”

   Humansadults with type 1 diabetesn = 569

   Vascular Age Gap Based on Carotid Intima-Media Thickness as a Marker of Early Vascular Aging in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes and Its Association with Diabetic Complications

   ADA Scientific Sessions 2026 abstract·6 Jun 2026

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1. Vascular age gap mediates cardiovascular disease in humans (3.73-10.59%).

   “vascular age gap may mediate 3.73-10.59% of the association between Grade 2 hypertension and cardiovascular events”

   Humansin Grade 2 hypertension and cardiovascular events

   Blood pressure, proteomic vascular ageing, and incident cardiovascular disease

   European journal of preventive cardiology·5 Dec 2025

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1. Vascular age gap is associated with diabetic nephropathy in humans (OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.10-1.34).

   “and nephropathy (OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.10-1.34; p=0.005)”

   Humansadults with type 1 diabetesn = 569

   Vascular Age Gap Based on Carotid Intima-Media Thickness as a Marker of Early Vascular Aging in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes and Its Association with Diabetic Complications

   ADA Scientific Sessions 2026 abstract·6 Jun 2026

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1. Vascular age gap is associated with proliferative diabetic retinopathy in humans (OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.10-1.34).

   “proliferative retinopathy (OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.10-1.34; p=0.003)”

   Humansadults with type 1 diabetesn = 569

   Vascular Age Gap Based on Carotid Intima-Media Thickness as a Marker of Early Vascular Aging in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes and Its Association with Diabetic Complications

   ADA Scientific Sessions 2026 abstract·6 Jun 2026

More on Proliferative diabetic retinopathy

1. Vascular age gap is associated with diabetic retinopathy in humans (OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.02-1.27).

   “a 10-year increase in VAG associated with any retinopathy (OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.02-1.27; p=0.025)”

   Humansadults with type 1 diabetesn = 569

   Vascular Age Gap Based on Carotid Intima-Media Thickness as a Marker of Early Vascular Aging in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes and Its Association with Diabetic Complications

   ADA Scientific Sessions 2026 abstract·6 Jun 2026

More on Diabetic retinopathy

1. Grade 2 hypertension is associated with vascular age gap in humans (0.494 ± 0.071 years).

   “and Grade 2 hypertension (0.494 ± 0.071 years, P < 0.001)”

   Humanscompared to normotensive participants

   Blood pressure, proteomic vascular ageing, and incident cardiovascular disease

   European journal of preventive cardiology·5 Dec 2025

More on Grade 2 hypertension

1. Grade 1 hypertension is associated with vascular age gap in humans (0.266 ± 0.049 years).

   “Grade 1 hypertension (0.266 ± 0.049 years, P < 0.001)”

   Humanscompared to normotensive participants

   Blood pressure, proteomic vascular ageing, and incident cardiovascular disease

   European journal of preventive cardiology·5 Dec 2025

More on Grade 1 hypertension

1. High-normal blood pressure is associated with vascular age gap in humans (0.122 ± 0.048 years).

   “vascular age gap was significantly higher in those with high-normal blood pressure (0.122 ± 0.048 years, P = 0.011)”

   Humanscompared to normotensive participants

   Blood pressure, proteomic vascular ageing, and incident cardiovascular disease

   European journal of preventive cardiology·5 Dec 2025

More on High-normal blood pressure