Nocturia links to higher mortality in CKM syndrome
Nocturia prevalence rose from 17.6% in stage 0 to 45.97% in stages 3-4 across 11,910 NHANES participants, independently predicting all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.
Clinical and Experimental Nephrology
In a study of 11,910 NHANES participants and 865 hospital patients, researchers evaluated nocturia across stages of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome. Nocturia prevalence rose progressively with advancing CKM stage, increasing from 17.6% in stage 0 to 45.97% in stages 3-4. Logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards models assessed the relationships between CKM stages, nocturia, and survival outcomes in participants with CKM stages 1 through 4. Nocturia was independently associated with an elevated risk of all-cause mortality as well as cardiovascular mortality. The authors conclude that nocturia is common in CKM syndrome and functions as a clinically relevant marker of adverse health outcomes.
Why it matters
Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome reflects interconnected organ decline that commonly progresses with age. Establishing nocturia as a marker of systemic dysfunction provides clinicians with a simple clinical indicator of broader multi-organ strain.
Caveats
Because the findings come from observational cohort data, they establish an association rather than proving that nocturia directly causes mortality.
The paper
Shaoxing Second Hospital
Clinical and Experimental Nephrology · 27 Sep 2026