Oncology-Derived Strategies for Age-Related Diseases: Intersections of Oncogenesis, Senescence, and Immunity

Growing evidence has highlighted that the same biological pathways implicated in oncogenesis also regulate the aging process, by influencing the organism's capacity to surveil and respond to cellular aberrations. Emerging therapeutic strategies, including senolytic agents, metabolic modulators and immunotherapies, not only hold promises for cancer treatment, but offer possibilities for mitigating the degenerative consequences of aging. This review seeks to integrate recent developments, provides insights into the overlapping molecular pathways that underlie both cancer and age-related disorders, while offering an in-depth exploration of the subtle dynamics in immune system, and explores how certain cancer therapies can be leveraged for managing age-related conditions. Furthermore, it illustrates the critical role of immune restoration as a therapeutic mechanism and examines the key considerations and potential pitfalls when adapting cancer treatments to age-related diseases.