Water deprivation

1. Water deprivation increases IGFBP7 × TIMP-2 in humans.

   “product of urinary insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 7 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (IGFBP7 × TIMP-2) increased after hypohydration (both P < 0.001)”

   Human trialstepwise water restriction concluding with 16 h water deprivation3 daysfemales

   Acute kidney injury biomarker responses in young and older female adults following mild hypohydration

   American journal of physiology. Renal physiology·27 Feb 2026

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1. Water deprivation increases nephrin in humans.

   “Nephrin excretion and product of urinary insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 7 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (IGFBP7 × TIMP-2) increased after hypohydration (both P < 0.001)”

   Human trialstepwise water restriction concluding with 16 h water deprivation3 daysfemales

   Acute kidney injury biomarker responses in young and older female adults following mild hypohydration

   American journal of physiology. Renal physiology·27 Feb 2026

More on Nephrin

1. Water deprivation decreases neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in humans.

   “Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin excretion decreased with hypohydration (P = 0.04), independent of age (P = 0.62).”

   Human trialstepwise water restriction concluding with 16 h water deprivation3 daysfemales

   Acute kidney injury biomarker responses in young and older female adults following mild hypohydration

   American journal of physiology. Renal physiology·27 Feb 2026

More on Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin

1. Water deprivation induces acute kidney frailty in rats.

   “the combination of dehydration with advanced age or hypertension induces AKF evidenced by a magnified response of renal dysfunction”

   Animalsdehydration combined with advanced age or hypertension; evaluated by low-dose cisplatin challengekidney

   Age and Hypertension Synergize With Dehydration to Cause Renal Frailty in Rats and Predispose Them to Intrinsic Acute Kidney Injury

   Laboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology·13 Dec 2024

More on Acute kidney frailty

1. Water deprivation has no effect on intrinsic acute kidney injury susceptibility in rats.

   “Dehydration is not sufficient to predispose young control rats to intrinsic AKI.”

   Animalscontrol rats with dehydrationkidney

   Age and Hypertension Synergize With Dehydration to Cause Renal Frailty in Rats and Predispose Them to Intrinsic Acute Kidney Injury

   Laboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology·13 Dec 2024