Stroke recurrence

1. Statins are linked with lower stroke recurrence in humans after ischemic stroke (OR 0.77 (within 1 year), OR 0.76 (after 1 year)).

   “Stroke recurrence was modestly reduced both within 1 year (OR 0.77) and after 1 year (OR 0.76).”

   Humansafter ischemic strokewithin 1 year and after 1 year

   Impact of Statin Therapy on the Risk of Stroke Recurrence, Mortality, and Dementia After Ischemic Stroke (ISMARDD Study): A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis

   Neurology international·Nov 1, 2025

2. Statins were not clearly linked with stroke recurrence in humans (HR 0.81 (95% CI 0.57-1.16)).

   “0.81 (95% CI 0.57-1.16) for stroke recurrence”

   Humanspatients with cardioembolic stroke and no guidance-based statin indication; prospective registry, adjusted with stabilized inverse probability of treatment weightingmedian follow-up 359 daysn = 2,888

   Statin therapy in acute cardioembolic stroke with no guidance-based indication

   Neurology·Apr 9, 2020

More on Statins

1. Anticoagulation therapy was not clearly linked with stroke recurrence in humans (cardiogenic stroke) (P>0.05).

   “No significant association was found between anticoagulant therapy and the risk of stroke recurrence or hemorrhage (P>0.05).”

   Humanscardiogenic stroke4 yearsn = 567

   Prognostic analysis of anticoagulation therapy in elderly patients with cardioembolic stroke

   Beijing da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Peking University. Health sciences·Jun 13, 2026

More on Anticoagulation therapy

1. High-intensity statin therapy was not clearly linked with stroke recurrence in humans (compared with moderate-intensity statin therapy in older patients).

   “No significant differences were observed in statin discontinuation, stroke recurrence, or adverse effects.”

   Humanscompared with moderate-intensity statin therapy in older patients3 monthsn = 337

   High-Intensity Statin Therapy and Functional Independence after Acute Ischemic Stroke in Adults Aged 75 years and Older: A Retrospective, Single-Center Cohort Study

   Annals of geriatric medicine and research·Apr 14, 2026

More on High-intensity statin therapy

1. Drug-eluting stent is linked with lower stroke recurrence in humans (vertebral artery V1 segment stenosis, compared with bare-metal stent) (stroke-free survival 97.8% vs 89.5% at 12 months).

   “significantly higher stent patency and a lower stroke recurrence rate compared to BMS at 12 months follow-up”

   Humansvertebral artery V1 segment stenosis, compared with bare-metal stentrapamycin-elutingvertebral artery12 monthsn = 95

   Efficacy and safety of rapamycin-eluting stents for vertebral artery stenosis in the V1 segment: a real-world retrospective cohort study

   Zhonghua wai ke za zhi [Chinese journal of surgery]·Mar 26, 2026

More on Drug-eluting stent

1. Antihypertensive agents showed no clear effect on stroke recurrence in humans.

   “During the follow-up, the incidence of adverse events such as stroke recurrence and major vascular events did not differ significantly between early and delayed treatment groups in any subgroup.”

   Human trial90 daysn = 4,802

   Initial systolic blood pressure, antihypertensive treatment timing and outcomes in acute ischemic stroke: a subgroup analysis of CATIS-2 trial

   Journal of hypertension·Mar 18, 2026

More on Antihypertensive agents

1. Aspirin + ticagrelor showed no clear effect on stroke recurrence in old-old patients (≥80 years) (HR 1.00, 95% CI 0.49 to 2.06).

   “old-old patients did not exhibit significant differences for the efficacy and safety outcomes after adjustment, including new stroke within 90 days”

   Human trialin old-old patients (≥80 years)90 daysn = 406

   Efficacy and safety of dual antiplatelet therapy in the elderly for stroke prevention: a subgroup analysis of the CHANCE-2 trial

   Stroke and vascular neurology·Jan 30, 2024

More on Aspirin + ticagrelor

1. Frailty is linked with a higher risk of stroke recurrence in humans (patients with acute ischemic stroke) (HR 1.90, 95% CI 1.33-2.71).

   “Frail patients also had higher stroke recurrence risk (hazard ratio [HR], 1.90; 95% CI, 1.33-2.71)”

   Humanspatients with acute ischemic strokefrail1 yearn = 2,396

   Frailty and 1-Year Prognosis of Patients With Ischemic Stroke: A Multicenter Cohort Study

   Journal of the American Heart Association·Jul 31, 2026

2. Frailty is associated with stroke recurrence in stroke survivors.

   “Poststroke frailty is associated with increased mortality, hospital admissions, and stroke recurrence.”

   Reviewin stroke survivors

   Sarcopenia and Frailty in Stroke and Cardiovascular Disease

   No shinkei geka. Neurological surgery·Nov 1, 2024

1. Aspirin + ticagrelor lowers the risk of stroke recurrence in younger patients (<65 years) (HR 0.68, 95% CI 0.51 to 0.91).

   “in younger patients, ticagrelor-aspirin was associated with lower risks of stroke within 90 days”

   Human trialin younger patients (<65 years)90 daysn = 3,251

   Efficacy and safety of dual antiplatelet therapy in the elderly for stroke prevention: a subgroup analysis of the CHANCE-2 trial

   Stroke and vascular neurology·Jan 30, 2024

2. Aspirin + ticagrelor lowers the risk of stroke recurrence in humans (CYP2C19 loss-of-function alleles, minor stroke or high-risk TIA) (HR 0.68, 95% CI 0.51 to 0.91, p=0.008).

   “Ticagrelor-aspirin group was associated with lower risks of stroke recurrence within 90 days in younger patients (HR 0.68, 95% CI 0.51 to 0.91, p=0.008)”

   Human trialCYP2C19 loss-of-function alleles, minor stroke or high-risk TIA90 days

   Efficacy and safety of dual antiplatelet therapy in the elderly for stroke prevention: a subgroup analysis of the CHANCE-2 trial

   Stroke and vascular neurology·Jan 30, 2024

More on Aspirin + ticagrelor

1. Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation is associated with stroke recurrence in humans After stroke; propensity score–matched analysis (HR 0.51; 95% CI 0.46–0.56).

   “EXCR was also associated with reduced stroke recurrence (HR 0.51; 95% CI 0.46–0.56)”

   HumansAfter stroke; propensity score–matched analysis5 years

   Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation after stroke and the risk of incident dementia: an observational study from a global federated network

   ESC Congress 2026 abstract·Oct 26, 2026

More on Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation

1. Pulse wave velocity predicts stroke recurrence in humans (acute ischemic stroke) (13.9% greater risk).

   “13.9% greater risk of stroke recurrence over the long term”

   Reviewacute ischemic stroke

   Advanced vascular aging and outcomes after acute ischemic stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis

   Journal of human hypertension·Sep 24, 2024

More on Pulse wave velocity

1. Sarcopenia index is linked with a lower risk of stroke recurrence in humans (first-ever ischemic stroke survivors) (HR = 0.571).

   “After adjusting for confounding factors, the high-SI group was found to have a lower risk of relapse and mortality than the low-SI group (relapse: HR = 0.571”

   Humansfirst-ever ischemic stroke survivorsn = 415

   A baseline sarcopenia index based on creatinine/cystatin C for the prediction of stroke recurrence and mortality in older survivors of first ischemic strokes

   Frontiers in public health·Sep 28, 2023

More on Sarcopenia index

1. chronological age is associated with stroke recurrence in humans (OR 0.96 (95% CI 0.94-1.00)).

   “independently of chronological age [p = 0.022; OR = 0.96 (95% CI 0.94-1.00)]”

   Humansin a logistic model that also included biological age, symptomatic atherosclerosis, TIA and initial NIHSS3 monthsn = 587

   Biological age is a novel biomarker to predict stroke recurrence

   Journal of neurology·Aug 12, 2020

1. Biological age is associated with stroke recurrence in humans (OR 1.06 (95% CI 1.02-1.09); b-Age 2.7 years older in patients with stroke recurrence).

   “Logistic regression analysis associated b-Age with SR [p = 0.003; OR = 1.06 (95% CI: 1.02-1.09)]”

   Humansindependent of chronological age, symptomatic atherosclerosis, TIA in the 7 days before the index stroke, and initial NIHSS3 monthsn = 587

   Biological age is a novel biomarker to predict stroke recurrence

   Journal of neurology·Aug 12, 2020

More on Biological age