Spontaneous preterm birth

1. Spontaneous preterm birth is associated with plasma protein expression in humans (Previous spontaneous preterm birth compared with matched controls) (34 significantly altered proteins).

   “A total of 34 proteins were identified as significantly altered in cases compared to controls”

   HumansPrevious spontaneous preterm birth compared with matched controlsplasmaMedian 11.8 years since pregnancyfemalesn = 64

   Proteomic differences associated to cardiovascular disease among apparently healthy women with previous spontaneous preterm birth

   ESC Congress 2026 abstract·Oct 26, 2026

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1. GrimAge2 age acceleration is associated with spontaneous preterm birth in humans (OR 1.51 per 1-SD higher acceleration; 95% CI 1.13–2.02).

   “Greater first-trimester maternal GrimAge2 acceleration was associated with shorter gestation and 51% higher odds of sPTB”

   HumansBlack nulliparous individuals with singleton pregnancies; association remained significant after additional adjustment for education and BMIperipheral bloodPer 1-SD higher GrimAge2 accelerationEarly pregnancy through deliveryfemalesn = 931

   Maternal epigenetic age acceleration in early pregnancy, gestational duration, and spontaneous preterm birth among Black women in the NuMom2b study

   medRxiv·Oct 24, 2026Preprint

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1. Maternal epigenetic age acceleration is linked with a higher risk of spontaneous preterm birth in humans (adjusted for chronological age, parity, education, smoking, BMI).

   “These results were also reflected in an increased risk of spontaneous preterm birth and LGA.”

   Humansadjusted for chronological age, parity, education, smoking, BMI

   Parental epigenetic age acceleration and risk of adverse birth outcomes: the Norwegian mother, father and child cohort study

   BMC medicine·Nov 25, 2024

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