Presbyopia

Basal metabolic rate has no effect on presbyopia in humans.

“In additional MVMR analyses incorporating BMI or standing height, the direct effect of BMR was not statistically significant in either model.”

Humansmultivariable Mendelian randomisation adjusting for BMI or standing height

Potential Association Between Basal Metabolic Rate and Presbyopia: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomisation Study · Genes · 25 Aug 2026

Basal metabolic rate lowers the risk of presbyopia in humans (OR 0.79, 95% CI 0.67-0.93).

“Genetically predicted higher BMR, expressed per 1-standard-deviation increase on the inverse-rank-normalised scale, was associated with lower odds of presbyopia.”

Humansunivariable Mendelian randomisation (IVW)

Potential Association Between Basal Metabolic Rate and Presbyopia: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomisation Study · Genes · 25 Aug 2026