Akkermansia muciniphila
upin mice1
Akkermansia muciniphila increases polyamines in mice.
“Akk had major effects on metabolism, causing an increase in spermidine and other polyamines in the gut and in the liver.”
Animalsliver
Aging2 Mar 2021
Mortality
downin humans1
Polyamines are associated with mortality in humans.
“Increased polyamine levels, including through enhanced dietary intake, have been consistently linked to improved health and reduced overall mortality.”
Reviewenhanced dietary intake
Nutritional Aspects of Spermidine
Annual review of nutrition7 Jul 2020
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney DiseasesUS$1.3mNational Institute of Neurological Disorders and StrokeUS$389.4kEuropean Commission€276.2k
Defining the role for polyamines in cholestatic liver disease
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney DiseasesUniversity of Colorado, DenverUS$775.3k2026–2031
European CommissionThe Chancellor Masters and Scholars of the University of Cambridge€276.2k2026–2028
Glial Cells and Polyamine Signaling in the Central Nervous System
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and StrokeUniversidad Central Del CaribeUS$389.4k2021–2027
Role of Polyamines and Hypusine in Nutrient-Induced Beta-Cell Growth and Replication
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney DiseasesUniversity of ChicagoUS$542.9k2020–2025
Each doubling of spermidine intake was associated with 2.6 millilitres per kilogram per minute higher peak oxygen uptake in older people with coronary artery disease.Each doubling of spermidine intake was associated with 2.6 millilitres per kilogram per minute higher peak oxygen uptake in older people with coronary artery disease.