Journal of Neurology

Older age linked to more blood DNA mutations in multiple sclerosis

An observational study of 404 people found that the association involved mitochondrial DNA and was substantially driven by primary progressive multiple sclerosis.

Cross-sectional study of 404 people with multiple sclerosisMechanisms

Cohort study

Limit: Brain mitochondrial DNA mutation patterns were not measured

Edited by Boris Djordjevic · AgingResearch.News

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In an observational study of 404 people with multiple sclerosis, researchers sequenced mitochondrial DNA from blood samples. Mitochondria are structures that supply cells with energy and contain their own DNA. The team examined mutations acquired during life that were present in 1–5% of mitochondrial DNA copies.

Older age was associated with more mutations that altered protein-making instructions. Analyses by disease course suggested that the link was substantially driven by 238 people with primary progressive multiple sclerosis, which worsens from the outset. Researchers found no association among 155 people with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, marked by attacks followed by partial or complete recovery. In fast-progressing patients, older age was linked to a higher mutation rate. Slow-progressing patients showed the opposite trend. The authors concluded that age-related patterns of mitochondrial mutations detected in blood differed across disease courses.

Why it matters

Problems with mitochondria have been proposed to contribute to nerve cell degeneration in multiple sclerosis. Studying their age-related DNA changes may help clarify their role across different disease courses.

Caveats

This observational study could not show that the mutations caused disease progression. The DNA came from blood, so the findings do not show whether the same patterns occur in the brain.