Cyproconazole

1. Cyproconazole increases TNF-α and IFN-γ in human cells (up to 3.9-fold).

   “TNF-α and IFN-γ rose up to 3.9-fold within the senescent compartment (p < 0.05).”

   Cellssenescent compartmentT lymphocyte

   In primary human lymphocytes, the triazole fungicide cyproconazole impairs regulatory B cell interleukin-10 expression and induces T cell senescence

   Environmental toxicology and pharmacology·16 Oct 2026

More on TNF-α and IFN-γ

1. Cyproconazole increases CD27−CD28−CD57+ senescent phenotype in human cells (5.6-fold).

   “towards a CD27−CD28−CD57+ senescent phenotype, increased 5.6-fold in CD8+ cells.”

   CellsCD8+ T lymphocyte

   In primary human lymphocytes, the triazole fungicide cyproconazole impairs regulatory B cell interleukin-10 expression and induces T cell senescence

   Environmental toxicology and pharmacology·16 Oct 2026

1. Cyproconazole induces cell-cycle exit into G0 in human cells.

   “Cyproconazole drove T cells out of the cell cycle into G0 at 48h, before any viability loss”

   Cellsbefore viability lossT lymphocyte48 h

   In primary human lymphocytes, the triazole fungicide cyproconazole impairs regulatory B cell interleukin-10 expression and induces T cell senescence

   Environmental toxicology and pharmacology·16 Oct 2026

1. Cyproconazole decreases IL-10 in human cells (−87% at 30 μM).

   “IL-10 in viable CD19+ cells fell by 87% at 30μM”

   Cellsviable CD19+ B cells30 μM

   In primary human lymphocytes, the triazole fungicide cyproconazole impairs regulatory B cell interleukin-10 expression and induces T cell senescence

   Environmental toxicology and pharmacology·16 Oct 2026

More on IL-10