3 papers5 findings
Cognitive and functional decline
no changein humans1
GAP-43 has no effect on cognitive and functional decline in humans (No significant association; p-values > 0.26).
“GAP-43 was associated with faster decline in women ( p -values < 0.02) but not men ( p -values > 0.26).”
HumansCommunity-dwelling older adults free of clinical dementia or strokecerebrospinal fluidMean 6.4-year follow-upmales
Higher protein level linked to faster cognitive decline in women
Alzheimer's research & therapy11 Oct 2026
Functional impairment
upin humans1
GAP-43 is associated with functional impairment in humans (β = 0.002, p = 0.003).
“and greater functional impairment (β = 0.002, p = 0.003).”
HumansFree of clinical dementia or strokecerebrospinal fluidCross-sectional baselineboth; 31% femalesn = 161
Higher protein level linked to faster cognitive decline in women
Alzheimer's research & therapy11 Oct 2026
Visuospatial function
downin humans1
GAP-43 is associated with visuospatial function in humans (β=-0.0004, p = 0.005).
“higher GAP-43 was associated with worse language (β=-0.0005, p = 0.04) and visuospatial function (β=-0.0004, p = 0.005)”
HumansFree of clinical dementia or strokecerebrospinal fluidCross-sectional baselineboth; 31% femalesn = 161
Higher protein level linked to faster cognitive decline in women
Alzheimer's research & therapy11 Oct 2026
Language performance
downin humans1
GAP-43 is associated with language performance in humans (β=-0.0005, p = 0.04).
“In cross-sectional analyses, higher GAP-43 was associated with worse language (β=-0.0005, p = 0.04)”
HumansFree of clinical dementia or strokecerebrospinal fluidCross-sectional baselineboth; 31% femalesn = 161
Higher protein level linked to faster cognitive decline in women
Alzheimer's research & therapy11 Oct 2026
Cognitive and functional decline
upin humans1
GAP-43 is associated with cognitive and functional decline in humans.
“GAP-43 was associated with faster decline in women ( p -values < 0.02) but not men ( p -values > 0.26).”
HumansCommunity-dwelling older adults free of clinical dementia or strokecerebrospinal fluidMean 6.4-year follow-upfemales
Higher protein level linked to faster cognitive decline in women
Alzheimer's research & therapy11 Oct 2026
An observational study of 161 older adults over an average 6.4 years found the link in women but not men.An observational study of 161 older adults over an average 6.4 years found the link in women but not men.