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25(OH)D

There are 24 papers on 25(OH)D in aging research: 5 trials and 14 observational studies in people, 2 in animals, 3 reviews. The newest story, Oct 30, 2026: “Vitamin D deficiency linked to knee arthritis in midlife women”.

Biomarker

24 papers study it969 more mention it18 findings

23 new papers in 30 daysSee all 993 papers on 25(OH)D

“Serum IGF1 and 25(OH)D were significantly and negatively correlated with osteoporosis or sarcopenia.”
Osteoporosis and sarcopenia are associated with each other and reduced IGF1 levels are a risk for both diseases in the very old elderlyBone2022doi:10.1016/j.bone.2022.116570
  • Human trial5
  • Humans14
  • Animals2

Interventions

6

Vitamin D

no changein humans1

1 study

  1. Vitamin D showed no clear effect on 25(OH)D in humans.

    “No significant differences were found between groups in body composition measures, vitamin D levels, or TNF-α and IL-6 at post-test.”

    Human trial12 weeksn = 40

    Effects of Resistance Training Combined with Vitamin D Supplementation on Health-Related Variables in the Elderly: Muscle Strength, Body Composition, and Inflammatory Status

    International journal of environmental research and public health

  2. Vitamin D showed no clear effect on 25(OH)D in humans (combined with resistance training) (p = 0.11).

    “No statistically significant between-group difference in 25(OH)D change (p = 0.11).”

    Human trialcombined with resistance training2000 IU/day12 weeksn = 26

    Effects of Resistance Training Combined with Vitamin D Supplementation on Health-Related Variables in the Elderly: Muscle Strength, Body Composition, and Inflammatory Status

    International journal of environmental research and public health

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Adiposity

mediatesin humans1downin humans1

1 study

  1. Adiposity is linked with 25(OH)D in humans (mediating the relationship between moderate and vigorous physical activity and 25(OH)D) (β = 0.01, P = .09).

    “A marginal and partial effect of %fat as a mediator of the relationship between MVPA and 25(OH)D was noted (β = 0.01, P = .09).”

    Humansmediating the relationship between moderate and vigorous physical activity and 25(OH)Dn = 574

    Association between physical activity and vitamin D is partially mediated by adiposity in older adults: EpiFloripa Aging Cohort Study

    Nutrition research (New York, N.Y.)

  2. Adiposity is linked with lower 25(OH)D in humans (direct effect across all structural equation models).

    “Additionally, a direct negative effect of %fat on 25(OH)D was observed in all models.”

    Humansdirect effect across all structural equation modelsn = 574

    Association between physical activity and vitamin D is partially mediated by adiposity in older adults: EpiFloripa Aging Cohort Study

    Nutrition research (New York, N.Y.)

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Protein + vitamin D + leucine + calcium

upin humans1

1 study

  1. Protein + vitamin D + leucine + calcium increases 25(OH)D in the insufficient group (−Δ1.6 ± 8.8 vs Δ12.3 ± 9 ng/mL).

    “At 12 weeks, serum 25(OH)D increased from baseline to 12 weeks in the intervention group, in the insufficient group”

    Human trialin the insufficient group12 weeks

    Muscle Mass Changes After Daily Consumption of Protein Mix Supplemented With Vitamin D in Adults Over 50 Years of Age: Subgroup Analysis According to the Serum 25(OH)D Levels of a Randomized Controlled Trial

    Clinical nutrition research

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Cholecalciferol

upin humans1

1 study

  1. Cholecalciferol increases 25(OH)D in humans (49.7 ± 26.5 vs 29.3 ± 13.3 nmol/L).

    “only the 4000 IU/day group showed a significant dose effect post-supplementation (mean 49.7 ± 26.5 nmol/L) compared to placebo (29.3 ± 13.3 nmol/L).”

    Human trialplasma4000 IU/day16 weeksfemalesn = 78

    Plasma parathyroid hormone response to vitamin D3 supplementation among women of reproductive age: A randomized double-blind placebo-control trial

    PloS one

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Physical activity

upin humans1

1 study

  1. Physical activity is linked with higher 25(OH)D in humans (moderate and vigorous physical activity (MVPA), direct effect in structural equation model) (β = 0.11 direct; β = 0.12 total).

    “MVPA showed a direct (β = 0.11; P < .05) and total positive effect on 25(OH)D (β = 0.12; P < .05)”

    Humansmoderate and vigorous physical activity (MVPA), direct effect in structural equation modeln = 574

    Association between physical activity and vitamin D is partially mediated by adiposity in older adults: EpiFloripa Aging Cohort Study

    Nutrition research (New York, N.Y.)

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Body mass index

downin humans1

1 study

  1. Body mass index is linked with lower 25(OH)D in humans (-0.534 ng/mL per BMI point).

    “an increase in one point BMI decreased 25(OH)D by 0.534 ng/mL”

    Humans

    Seasonal Variation in Vitamin D in Association with Age, Inflammatory Cytokines, Anthropometric Parameters, and Lifestyle Factors in Older Adults

    Mediators of inflammation

More on Body mass index

Upstream

2

Obesity

downin humans1

1 study

  1. Obesity is linked with lower 25(OH)D in humans following adjustment (p < 0.05).

    “Obese subjects exhibited lower 25(OH)D levels (p < 0.05) and higher BMD (p < 0.001) compared with those of normal subjects following adjustment.”

    Humansfollowing adjustmentn = 22,081

    Effects of obesity with reduced 25(OH)D levels on bone health in elderly Chinese people: a nationwide cross-sectional study

    Frontiers in immunology

More on Obesity

Advanced age

downin humans1

1 study

  1. advanced age is linked with lower 25(OH)D in humans (centenarians compared with 65-year-old controls) (7.39 vs 19.81 ng/ml).

    “25(OH)D, 7.39 ng/ml versus 19.81 ng/ml (P <0.01)”

    Humanscentenarians compared with 65-year-old controlsplasma

    Age-related differences in vitamin D status in Polish centenarians compared with 65-year-olds

    Polish archives of internal medicine

Associations

8

L1-L4 T-score

downin humans1

1 study

  1. 25(OH)D is associated with L1-L4 T-score in humans.

    “circulating 25(OH)D and 25(OH)D3 concentrations, which were inversely associated with L1-L4 T-scores”

    Humansserumfemalesn = 105

    Altered gut microbiota and serum metabolite profiles characterize postmenopausal bone loss: insights into the gut-bone axis

    Frontiers in microbiology

Adiponectin

upin humans1

1 study

  1. 25(OH)D is associated with adiponectin in humans (postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome).

    “25(OH)D levels were positively correlated with adiponectin levels”

    Humanspostmenopausal women with metabolic syndromefemales

    The risk of metabolic syndrome is associated with vitamin D and inflammatory status in premenopausal and postmenopausal Algerian women

    Irish journal of medical science

More on Adiponectin

VDR

upin humans1

1 study

  1. VDR is associated with 25(OH)D in humans (allele f presence post-bariatric surgery).

    “VDR FokI's allele f presence correlated to a median rise in 25(OH)D levels”

    Humansallele f presence post-bariatric surgeryserumone year priorfemalesn = 27

    Bariatric Surgery and Vitamin D: Trends in Older Women and Association with Clinical Features and VDR Gene Polymorphisms

    Nutrients

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Systolic blood pressure

downin humans1

1 study

  1. 25(OH)D is associated with systolic blood pressure in humans (post-bariatric surgery).

    “negatively with systolic pressure”

    Humanspost-bariatric surgeryserumone year priorfemalesn = 27

    Bariatric Surgery and Vitamin D: Trends in Older Women and Association with Clinical Features and VDR Gene Polymorphisms

    Nutrients

Total body bone mineral density

upin humans1

1 study

  1. 25(OH)D is associated with total body bone mineral density in humans (post-bariatric surgery).

    “their levels correlated positively with TBBMD”

    Humanspost-bariatric surgeryserumone year priorfemalesn = 27

    Bariatric Surgery and Vitamin D: Trends in Older Women and Association with Clinical Features and VDR Gene Polymorphisms

    Nutrients

Fragility fracture

downin humans1OR 0.686

1 study

  1. 25(OH)D is linked with a lower risk of fragility fracture in humans (25(OH)D levels >= 30 ng/mL) (OR 0.686).

    “maintaining 25(OH)D levels≥30ng/mL (OR: 0.686)”

    Humans25(OH)D levels >= 30 ng/mL

    [Translated article] Evaluation of factors related to the occurrence of new fragility fractures: A case-control study

    Revista espanola de cirugia ortopedica y traumatologia

More on Fragility fracture

Osteoporosis

downin humans1

1 study

  1. 25(OH)D is associated with osteoporosis in humans (negative correlation with serum level).

    “Serum IGF1 and 25(OH)D were significantly and negatively correlated with osteoporosis or sarcopenia.”

    Humansnegative correlation with serum leveln = 1,026

    Osteoporosis and sarcopenia are associated with each other and reduced IGF1 levels are a risk for both diseases in the very old elderly

    Bone

More on Osteoporosis

Sarcopenia

downin humans1

1 study

  1. Sarcopenia is associated with 25(OH)D in humans (patients with sarcopenia vs. people without sarcopenia) (SMD = 0.791, 95% CI 0.073 to 1.510).

    “Sarcopenic participants had significantly lower levels of 25(OH)D (SMD = 0.791; 95%CI 0.073, 1.510; p < 0.05; I2 = 98.790%), protein (SMD = 0.574; 95%CI 0.088, 1.060; p < 0.05; I2 = 97.276%) and calcium (SMD =1.258; 95%CI 0.429, 2.087; p < 0.01; I2 = 99.067%) than controls.”

    Reviewpatients with sarcopenia vs. people without sarcopenia

    Is Calcium the Main Nutrient in the Diet Plan for Sarcopenia among the Elderly? ：A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

    Research SquarePreprint

More on Sarcopenia

Latest

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Journal of Mid-life Health

Vitamin D deficiency linked to knee arthritis in midlife women

Over five years, knee osteoarthritis developed in 40% of persistently vitamin D-deficient women past menopause, compared with 14% of women with sufficient levels.Over five years, knee osteoarthritis developed in 40% of persistently vitamin D-deficient women past menopause, compared with 14% of women with sufficient levels.

Cohort · 420 peopleVitamin D
Paper

See all 993 papers on 25(OH)D

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