Prevention of age-related decline in muscle mass and function: exercise, nutrition and medications

Due the increase life expectancy, sarcopenia, or age-related decline in skeletal muscle mass, strength, and performance, is becoming an increasingly common pathology. A decrease in the functional capabilities of skeletal muscles significantly reduces the quality of life of older people, increases their dependence on other people, and also worsens the course of other diseases, which leads to an increase in the frequency of hospitalizations. Therefore, much attention is paid to finding approaches for the prevention and treatment of age-related decline in skeletal muscle mass and functional capabilities, both through physical exercise and through combinations of various approaches. The review examines and summarizes the results of experimental studies, reviews and meta-analyses devoted to studying the effectiveness of various approaches aimed at preventing falls and restoring skeletal muscle mass and physical performance through various physical training, nutritional correction and pharmacological interventions.