The Psychology of Social Isolation and Loneliness in Later Life

This scoping review examines the psychological implications of social isolation and loneliness (SIL) in older adults, emphasizing risk and resilience factors. SIL is linked to mental health issues (depression, anxiety, and cognitive decline) and physical health risks (cardiovascular disease, mortality). The review proposes a conceptual model highlighting the balance between protective factors (emotional regulation, wisdom) and vulnerabilities (role transitions, chronic illness) that influence SIL's chronicity. Interventions should focus on prevention during life transitions, disrupting chronic loneliness, and mitigating health impacts. The review underscores the need for targeted-strategies to bolster adaptive capacity in older adults.