Brain serotonin circuit reverses decline in physical activity with age

ABSTRACT Physical inactivity increases with age and is the fourth leading risk factor for mortality. Establishing the mechanisms underpinning declining physical activity (PA) with age has remained both elusive and difficult to overcome. Older (50-70 years old) compared with younger (17-30 years old) UK participants showed reduced PA, and this profile was effectively modelled in mice. Analysis of brain serotonin (5-HT) neurons in the dorsal raphe (DR) revealed altered firing activity in older mice. Chemogenetically mimicking this 5-HT DR tone in young adult mice produced an older adult PA profile. Genetically blocking 5-HT activity at 5-HT 2C receptors (5-HT 2C Rs) prevented the decline in PA with age. Importantly, barring 5-HT action at 5-HT 2C Rs specifically within the ventral tegmental area restored youthful PA levels and strength in older mice. These data fill a longstanding knowledge gap by defining brain circuitry programming the decline in PA with age, and importantly, a means to reverse it.