Applied Clinical Biosemiomics to Promote Longevity (Part 3.- Prevalence of Premature Aging Syndrome)

Cellular senescence is a heterogeneous biological process associated with aging and chronic degenerative diseases, whose identification in vivo requires multimarker approaches. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and characterize the morphofunctional expression of cellular senescence by integrating clinical-metabolic information, bioimpedance, and capillaroscopic markers under the methodology of the ATDM System and Applied Clinical Biosemiomics. METHODS: An observational, descriptive, analytical, correlational, and proposal-oriented study was conducted in 5,951 individuals. The analysis comprised four stages: literature review; cause–effect analysis of clinical-metabolic data; prevalence of capillaroscopic markers; and morphofunctional integration. Frequencies, prevalences, Pearson's χ², and Cramér's V were calculated. RESULTS: 12% were classified as having no evidence of senescence, 29% as having incipient senescence, 34% acute, 17% subacute, and 8% chronic. The prevalences of cell membrane elongation, redox imbalance, lymphatic congestion, chromatin condensation, and microvesicles were 60.61%, 66.74%, 68.22%, 50.04%, and 48.59%, respectively. Although the markers showed high prevalence, their distribution remained virtually constant across categories, yielding nonsignificant associations and Cramér's V <0.003. CONCLUSIONS: A Morphofunctional Continuum of Cellular Senescence is proposed as an integrative research model. The binary presence of the markers did not discriminate between stages, indicating that future validations will need to incorporate intensity, multimarker burden, longitudinal follow-up, and independent molecular biomarkers before establishing diagnostic utility.