Ovariectomy

1. Ovariectomy increases inflammation in mice.

   “ovariectomy (OVX) in female 5xFAD mice significantly exacerbates amyloid-β (Aβ) pathology, cognitive deficits, neuroinflammation, and reduces synaptic markers.”

   Animalsin female 5xFAD micebrainfemales

   Estrogen deprivation exacerbates Alzheimer's disease pathology through neuronal CTSS signaling

   Journal of neuroinflammation·11 Sep 2026

2. Ovariectomy increases inflammation in mice.

   “SMCs in the ovariectomy group upregulated tissue fibrosis and inflammatory markers”

   AnimalsWestern diet-induced atherosclerosis in Ldlr-knockout miceascending aortafemales

   Estrogen Deficiency by Ovariectomy Triggers Phenotypic Switching in Female Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells in Atherosclerosis

   AHA Scientific Sessions 2025 abstract·3 Nov 2025

3. Ovariectomy increases inflammation in mice.

   “TNFα, IL-1β, MCP-1, MIP-2 and IL-6 mRNA contents are increased in the liver, adipose tissue and aorta 7 months after ovariectomy”

   Animalsliver7 monthsfemales

   Ovariectomy shortens the life span of female mice

   Oncotarget·10 May 2015

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1. Ovariectomy impairs cognitive function in mice.

   “ovariectomy (OVX) in female 5xFAD mice significantly exacerbates amyloid-β (Aβ) pathology, cognitive deficits, neuroinflammation, and reduces synaptic markers.”

   Animalsin female 5xFAD micefemales

   Estrogen deprivation exacerbates Alzheimer's disease pathology through neuronal CTSS signaling

   Journal of neuroinflammation·11 Sep 2026

2. Ovariectomy impairs cognitive function in mice.

   “Ovariectomized APPswe/PS1ΔE9 mice displayed recall deficits at 4 months of age”

   AnimalsAPPswe/PS1ΔE9 micefemales

   Sex difference in evolution of cognitive decline: studies on mouse model and the Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network cohort

   Translational psychiatry·12 Apr 2023

1. Ovariectomy increases lower-diameter trabecular separation.

   “OVX showed increased Tb.Sp L without a significant Tb.Sp H difference.”

   Animalsovariectomy (OVX) model

   Beyond mean trabecular separation: decomposing metaphyseal marrow space into lower- and higher-diameter components

   Bone·29 Sep 2026

1. Ovariectomy increases amyloid-beta pathology in mice.

   “ovariectomy (OVX) in female 5xFAD mice significantly exacerbates amyloid-β (Aβ) pathology, cognitive deficits, neuroinflammation, and reduces synaptic markers.”

   Animalsin female 5xFAD micebrainfemales

   Estrogen deprivation exacerbates Alzheimer's disease pathology through neuronal CTSS signaling

   Journal of neuroinflammation·11 Sep 2026

1. Ovariectomy decreases short-chain fatty acids in mice.

   “lower relative abundances of major short-chain fatty acids”

   Animalscolonfemales

   Multiorgan and gut microbial alterations in ovariectomized mice: a multiomics analysis

   Frontiers in immunology·9 Sep 2026

More on Short-chain fatty acids

1. Ovariectomy decreases estradiol in mice.

   “lower serum estradiol concentrations”

   Animalsfemales

   Multiorgan and gut microbial alterations in ovariectomized mice: a multiomics analysis

   Frontiers in immunology·9 Sep 2026

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1. Ovariectomy increases body weight in mice.

   “OVX mice showed higher body weights at multiple postoperative time points”

   Animalspostoperativefemales

   Multiorgan and gut microbial alterations in ovariectomized mice: a multiomics analysis

   Frontiers in immunology·9 Sep 2026

1. Ovariectomy has no effect on epigenetic age in rats.

   “neither ovariectomy-induced menopause nor natural reproductive senescence resulted in increased epigenetic age acceleration”

   Animalsin ratsfemales

   Menopause transition timing reflects systemic biological aging

   Research Square·26 Aug 2026Preprint

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1. Ovariectomy decreases tangent modulus in rats (lowest tangent modulus compared to Sham (p = 0.05)).

   “OVX animals had the lowest tangent modulus compared to Sham (p = 0.05) and Aged (p = 0.005) animals.”

   Animalsunconfined compression on mid-vaginal tissuevaginafemales

   Surgical menopause impact on vaginal mechanical properties

   Journal of biomechanics·22 Apr 2026

More on Tangent modulus

1. Ovariectomy decreases equilibrium modulus in rats (46% lower compared to Sham animals (p = 0.037)).

   “The equilibrium modulus of the OVX and aged animals were 46% and 43% lower compared to Sham animals (p = 0.037 and p = 0.02, respectively)”

   Animalsunconfined compression on mid-vaginal tissuevaginafemales

   Surgical menopause impact on vaginal mechanical properties

   Journal of biomechanics·22 Apr 2026

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1. Ovariectomy raises the risk of Alzheimer's disease in humans (RR = 2.17, 95% CI 1.16-4.08).

   “Menopause due to ovariectomy was associated with a higher risk of AD (RR = 2.17, 95% CI 1.16-4.08), compared to those with natural menopause.”

   Humansfemales

   Menstrual and reproductive factors and risk of Alzheimer's disease in elderly women: a cohort study in Eastern China

   Scientific reports·24 Feb 2026

More on Alzheimer's disease

1. Ovariectomy raises the risk of stroke.

   “Three cohort studies showed an increased risk of all types of stroke in women who underwent bilateral oophorectomy compared with women who conserved their ovaries before age 50 years.”

   Reviewfemales

   Premature menopause or early menopause and risk of ischemic stroke

   Menopause (New York, N.Y.)·1 Mar 2012

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