Anti-nuclear antibody frequency and endpoint titers

Female sex is associated with anti-nuclear antibody frequency and endpoint titers in mice.

“By 14–20 months of age, females showed significantly higher frequencies and endpoint titers of anti-nuclear antibodies.”

AnimalsUM-HET3 micefemale versus males

Aging-Associated Autoimmunity in Genetically Diverse UM-HET3 Mice Shows a Female Sex Bias

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)·31 Jul 2025Preprint