Sociodemographic, behavioral, and social support determinants of dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and hypertension in a Spanish working population

INTRODUCTION: cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Key risk factors include dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and hypertension. Additionally, psychosocial aspects such as social support have gained increasing importance in their development and prevention. METHODS: a cross-sectional study was conducted among 117,298 Spanish workers. Associations between sociodemographic variables (age, sex, social class), lifestyle habits (smoking, Mediterranean diet, physical activity), and social support with the presence of dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and hypertension were analyzed. RESULTS: the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors was higher in men, older individuals, and lower social classes. Smoking, low adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and physical inactivity were significantly associated with increased risk. Furthermore, low social support remained significantly associated with a higher prevalence of dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and hypertension after adjustment for age, sex, social class, smoking, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and physical activity. CONCLUSIONS: these findings highlight the importance of implementing comprehensive workplace preventive strategies that promote healthy lifestyles and strengthen social support networks to reduce the cardiovascular disease burden in the working population.