Skin microbiome and skin aging: emerging strategies for manipulation

As the global population ages, the prevention and treatment of skin aging have become critical areas of scientific research. The aging process of the skin leads to a decline in immune function and a reduced capacity for self-repair. Skin aging is driven by various factors, including intrinsic elements (such as genetic predispositions and biological aging), and extrinsic factors (notably ultraviolet radiation). Recent studies have highlighted the crucial role of the skin microbiome in maintaining skin health and regulating the aging process. This review emphasizes the impact of biological aging and ultraviolet radiation, alongside the gut-skin axis, on skin aging. Furthermore, it explores current microbiome-based therapeutic strategies aimed at decelerating skin aging and discusses the potential of the skin microbiome in predicting biological and systemic aging-related diseases. These insights deepen our understanding of the mechanisms by which the skin microbiome influences aging and lay the groundwork for novel interventions in this field.