Spinacia oleracea

1. Spinacia oleracea has no effect on oxidative stress and ROS signaling in humans (P > 0.05).

   “No significant differences were detected between the two groups regarding the changes in malondialdehyde, catalase, total antioxidant capacity, and S100B levels (P > 0.05).”

   Human trialin obese women with PCOS on a hypocaloric dietspinach extract5 g/day12 weeksfemales

   The effect of calorie-restriction along with thylakoid membranes of spinach on the gut-brain Axis Pathway and oxidative stress biomarkers in obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a Randomized, Double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial

   Journal of ovarian research·Nov 16, 2023

More on Oxidative stress and ROS signaling

1. Spinacia oleracea increases BDNF in humans (P < 0.001).

   “an increase in the BDNF levels (P < 0.001) were recorded for the participants receiving the oral thylakoid supplements and a low-calorie diet.”

   Human trialin obese women with PCOS on a hypocaloric dietspinach extract5 g/day12 weeksfemales

   The effect of calorie-restriction along with thylakoid membranes of spinach on the gut-brain Axis Pathway and oxidative stress biomarkers in obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a Randomized, Double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial

   Journal of ovarian research·Nov 16, 2023

More on BDNF

1. Spinacia oleracea decreases lipopolysaccharide in humans (P < 0.001).

   “A statistically significant decrease in the LPS levels (P < 0.001) and an increase in the BDNF levels (P < 0.001) were recorded for the participants receiving the oral thylakoid supplements”

   Human trialin obese women with PCOS on a hypocaloric dietspinach extract5 g/day12 weeksfemales

   The effect of calorie-restriction along with thylakoid membranes of spinach on the gut-brain Axis Pathway and oxidative stress biomarkers in obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a Randomized, Double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial

   Journal of ovarian research·Nov 16, 2023

More on Lipopolysaccharide