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Pulmonary vein isolation

Pulmonary vein isolation has been studied in 3 papers since 2026: 2 observational studies in people, 1 review; 3 in the past year. The newest paper, Oct 26, 2026: “Major adverse cardiovascular events and their predictors in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing pulmonary vein isolation: the Swiss-AF-PVI study”.

Exposure

3 papers study it6 findingsUpdated

2 new papers in 30 daysSee all 3

“Twelve months later, he remained free of recurrent AF on Holter monitoring”
Atrial Fibrillation in Athletes: Mechanisms, Management, and Future DirectionsJACC. Case reports2026doi:10.1016/j.jaccas.2026.107061

None of its findings points the other way.

C, W, M, H: cells, worms or flies, mice, humans. Dark: independent labs found the same change there. Light: one lab or one study. Outline: nothing yet.

Labs are independent when their papers share no last author and no institution.

Company ties: findings with an author at a company, or from a paper whose competing-interests statement declares ties to one.

  • 2 independent labs in 1 country
  • 1 of 6 findings with company ties
  • Humans2

What did studies of Pulmonary vein isolation find?

1

Studies of Pulmonary vein isolation measured 1 outcome; the most studied are ischemic stroke (1 study).

Ischemic stroke

no changein humans1HR 0.82

1 study

  1. Pulmonary vein isolation has no effect on ischemic stroke in humans (3.0% vs 3.5%; HR 0.82, 95% CI 0.63–1.08).

    “Ischaemic stroke rates were similar (3.0% vs 3.5%; HR 0.82, 95% CI 0.63-1.08, p=0.152).”

    HumansPersistent atrial fibrillation; compared with atrioventricular nodal ablation with dual-chamber pacing5 years63% females

    Deaths differed in persistent atrial fibrillation patients 75 or older

    ESC Congress 2026 abstract

More on Ischemic stroke

What is Pulmonary vein isolation linked with?

5

Studies link Pulmonary vein isolation with 5 measures, most often rhythm-related composite events (1 study), all-cause hospitalization (1) and heart failure hospitalization (1).

Rhythm-related composite events

upin humans1HR 1.28

1 study

  1. Pulmonary vein isolation is associated with rhythm-related composite events in humans (70.0% vs 60.5%; HR 1.28, 95% CI 1.20–1.36).

    “and a higher rhythm-related composite outcome (70.0% vs 60.5%; HR 1.28, 95% CI 1.20-1.36; p<0.001).”

    HumansPersistent atrial fibrillation; compared with atrioventricular nodal ablation with dual-chamber pacing5 years63% females

    Deaths differed in persistent atrial fibrillation patients 75 or older

    ESC Congress 2026 abstract

All-cause hospitalization

upin humans1HR 1.13

1 study

  1. Pulmonary vein isolation is associated with all-cause hospitalization in humans (59.7% vs 56.4%; HR 1.13, 95% CI 1.06–1.21).

    “PVI was also associated with modestly higher all-cause hospitalisation (59.7% vs 56.4%; HR 1.13, 95% CI 1.06-1.21; p<0.001)”

    HumansPersistent atrial fibrillation; compared with atrioventricular nodal ablation with dual-chamber pacing5 years63% females

    Deaths differed in persistent atrial fibrillation patients 75 or older

    ESC Congress 2026 abstract

Heart failure hospitalization

downin humans1HR 0.84

1 study

  1. Pulmonary vein isolation is associated with heart failure hospitalization in humans (38.8% vs 43.0%; HR 0.84, 95% CI 0.78–0.91).

    “and fewer heart failure hospitalisations (38.8% vs 43.0%; HR 0.84, 95% CI 0.78-0.91; p<0.001).”

    HumansPersistent atrial fibrillation; pulmonary vein isolation versus atrioventricular nodal ablation with dual-chamber pacing5 years63% females

    Deaths differed in persistent atrial fibrillation patients 75 or older

    ESC Congress 2026 abstract

Mortality

downin humans1HR 0.49

1 study

  1. Pulmonary vein isolation is associated with mortality in humans (11.5% vs 22.4%; HR 0.49, 95% CI 0.43–0.55).

    “Over 5 years, PVI was associated with lower all-cause mortality (11.5% vs 22.4%; HR 0.49, 95% CI 0.43-0.55; p<0.001)”

    HumansPersistent atrial fibrillation; compared with atrioventricular nodal ablation with dual-chamber pacing; propensity-matched cohorts of 3,285 each5 years63% females

    Deaths differed in persistent atrial fibrillation patients 75 or older

    ESC Congress 2026 abstract

Atrial fibrillation

downin humans1

1 study

  1. Pulmonary vein isolation lowers the risk of atrial fibrillation in humans.

    “Twelve months later, he remained free of recurrent AF on Holter monitoring”

    Human trialafter unsuccessful flecainide therapycatheter ablation12 monthsmales

    Atrial Fibrillation in Athletes: Mechanisms, Management, and Future Directions

    JACC. Case reports

More on Atrial fibrillation

Latest

Nov 2025: 0Dec 2025: 0Jan 2026: 0Feb 2026: 0Mar 2026: 1Apr 2026: 0May 2026: 0Jun 2026: 0Jul 2026: 0Aug 2026: 0Sep 2026: 0Oct 2026: 23 papers in 12 months
ESC Congress 2026 Abstract

Deaths differed in persistent atrial fibrillation patients 75 or older

Five-year mortality was 11.5% with pulmonary vein isolation versus 22.4% with node ablation and pacing in matched patients aged 75 and older with persistent atrial…Five-year mortality was 11.5% with pulmonary vein isolation versus 22.4% with node ablation and pacing in matched patients aged 75 and older with persistent atrial fibrillation.

Cohort studyPersistent atrial fibrillation
Paper

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