Maternal low-protein diet

1. Maternal low-protein diet increases oxidative stress and ROS signalling in rats.

   “along with superoxide anion production, Cu/Zn SOD and catalase protein expression (P<.05).”

   Animalsafter maternal low-protein dietvisceral adipose tissuemales

   The hidden impact of intrauterine growth restriction in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome: Functional and structural alterations in rat visceral adipose tissue

   The Journal of nutritional biochemistry·5 Sep 2025

2. Maternal low-protein diet increases oxidative stress and ROS signalling in mice.

   “These demonstrated increased hepatic lipid accumulation, higher levels of transcription factors important in lipid regulation, and greater oxidative stress.”

   Animalsrecuperated offspringlivermales

   Maternal diet amplifies the hepatic aging trajectory of Cidea in male mice and leads to the development of fatty liver

   FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology·30 Jan 2014

More on Oxidative stress and ROS signalling

1. Maternal low-protein diet has no effect on cellular senescence in rats.

   “No significant changes were observed in females.”

   Animalsmaternal low-protein dietvisceral adipose tissuefemales

   The hidden impact of intrauterine growth restriction in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome: Functional and structural alterations in rat visceral adipose tissue

   The Journal of nutritional biochemistry·5 Sep 2025

2. Maternal low-protein diet increases cellular senescence in rats.

   “Senescence indicators-including lipofuscin, crown-like structures, p16INK4a, p21WAF1, and Sirtuin-1 were also upregulated (all P<.05).”

   Animalsafter maternal low-protein dietvisceral adipose tissuemales

   The hidden impact of intrauterine growth restriction in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome: Functional and structural alterations in rat visceral adipose tissue

   The Journal of nutritional biochemistry·5 Sep 2025

More on Cellular senescence

1. Maternal low-protein diet increases inflammation in rats.

   “Inflammatory and macrophage markers were elevated (P<.05)”

   Animalsafter maternal low-protein dietvisceral adipose tissuemales

   The hidden impact of intrauterine growth restriction in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome: Functional and structural alterations in rat visceral adipose tissue

   The Journal of nutritional biochemistry·5 Sep 2025

More on Inflammation

1. Maternal low-protein diet increases AMACR in rats.

   “Strong immunostaining for alfametilacil CoA racemase (AMACR), vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), and aquaporin-1 (AQP1) was also observed.”

   Animalsborn to protein malnourished dams (6% protein in the diet) during gestation and lactationventral prostatemales

   Increased oxidative stress and cancer biomarkers in the ventral prostate of older rats submitted to maternal malnutrition

   Molecular and cellular endocrinology·31 Dec 2020

More on AMACR

1. Maternal low-protein diet decreases reduced glutathione in rats.

   “Intraprostatic levels of reduced glutathione were decreased”

   Animalsborn to protein malnourished dams (6% protein in the diet) during gestation and lactationventral prostatemales

   Increased oxidative stress and cancer biomarkers in the ventral prostate of older rats submitted to maternal malnutrition

   Molecular and cellular endocrinology·31 Dec 2020

More on Reduced glutathione

1. Maternal low-protein diet increases estrogens in rats.

   “a reduction in serum testosterone and an increase in estrogen levels were shown in older rats born to protein malnourished dams (6% protein in the diet) during gestation and lactation”

   Animalsborn to protein malnourished dams (6% protein in the diet) during gestation and lactationbloodmales

   Increased oxidative stress and cancer biomarkers in the ventral prostate of older rats submitted to maternal malnutrition

   Molecular and cellular endocrinology·31 Dec 2020

More on Estrogens

1. Maternal low-protein diet decreases testosterone in rats.

   “a reduction in serum testosterone and an increase in estrogen levels were shown in older rats born to protein malnourished dams (6% protein in the diet) during gestation and lactation”

   Animalsborn to protein malnourished dams (6% protein in the diet) during gestation and lactationbloodmales

   Increased oxidative stress and cancer biomarkers in the ventral prostate of older rats submitted to maternal malnutrition

   Molecular and cellular endocrinology·31 Dec 2020

More on Testosterone

1. Maternal low-protein diet increases lipid and ceramide metabolism in mice.

   “These demonstrated increased hepatic lipid accumulation, higher levels of transcription factors important in lipid regulation, and greater oxidative stress.”

   Animalsrecuperated offspringlivermales

   Maternal diet amplifies the hepatic aging trajectory of Cidea in male mice and leads to the development of fatty liver

   FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology·30 Jan 2014

More on Lipid and ceramide metabolism

1. Maternal low-protein diet increases CIDEA in mice (∼3-fold).

   “This increase was exaggerated ∼3-fold in recuperated offspring.”

   Animalsrecuperated offspringlivermales

   Maternal diet amplifies the hepatic aging trajectory of Cidea in male mice and leads to the development of fatty liver

   FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology·30 Jan 2014

More on CIDEA