Clinical Research in Cardiology
Lower blood chloride linked to worse heart failure outcomes
Patients in the lowest fifth for both sodium and chloride had 1.3- to 1.7-fold higher heart failure event and death rates than those with higher levels of both.Patients in the lowest fifth for both sodium and chloride had 1.3- to 1.7-fold higher heart failure event and death rates than those with higher levels of both.
Cohort · 9,718 peopleHeart failure
Who was studied9,718 outpatients with heart failure
What changedHeart failure event and death rates were 1.3- to 1.7-fold higher with low versus higher sodium and chloride
The catchGreater loop-diuretic use in patients with low mineral levels could confound the outcome comparison