There are 4 papers on cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome stage 2 in aging research: 4 observational studies in people.
4 papers study it4 more mention it6 findings
2 new papers in 30 daysSee all 8 papers on cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome stage 2
“CKM Stage 2 independently predicted CV mortality by both Cox (HR 1.28, 95% CI 1.03-1.60) and Fine-Gray competing risks (subHR 1.25, 95% CI 1.04-1.50) models”
- Humans4
Effects
1Mortality
no changein humans1HR 0.97
1 study
Mortality
no changein humans1HR 0.97
Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome stage 2 was not clearly linked with mortality in humans (Without overt cardiovascular disease) (HR 0.97).
“CKM Stage 2 independently predicts CV but not all-cause mortality”
HumansWithout overt cardiovascular diseaseMaximum follow-up 8.3 yearsn = 43,989
Urine protein linked to cardiovascular deaths in US adults
AHA Scientific Sessions 2026 abstract
Associations
5Cardiovascular mortality
upin humans1HR 1.28
1 study
Cardiovascular mortality
upin humans1HR 1.28
Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome stage 2 predicts cardiovascular mortality in humans (Without overt cardiovascular disease) (Cox HR 1.28, 95% CI 1.03-1.60; Fine-Gray subHR 1.25, 95% CI 1.04-1.50).
“CKM Stage 2 independently predicted CV mortality by both Cox (HR 1.28, 95% CI 1.03-1.60) and Fine-Gray competing risks (subHR 1.25, 95% CI 1.04-1.50) models”
HumansWithout overt cardiovascular diseaseMaximum follow-up 8.3 yearsn = 43,989
Urine protein linked to cardiovascular deaths in US adults
AHA Scientific Sessions 2026 abstract
Cardiovascular disease
upin humans1HR 2.03
1 study
Cardiovascular disease
upin humans1HR 2.03
Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome stage 2 is linked with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease in humans (HR 2.03, 95% CI 1.59-2.58).
“Compared with stage 0, the HRs (95% CIs) for CVD were 2.03 (1.59-2.58) for stage 2”
Humans19.9 yearsn = 7,770
Diabetes research and clinical practice
Infertility
upin humans1
1 study
Infertility
upin humans1
Infertility is associated with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome stage 2 in humans (non-pregnant US women; adjusted for sociodemographic and behavioral factors) (aPR 1.14, 95% CI 1.04–1.26).
“Significant associations with CKM stage ≥ 2 were observed for gestational diabetes (aPR, 1.25; 95% CI: 1.13, 1.39) and infertility (aPR, 1.14; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.26).”
Humansnon-pregnant US women; adjusted for sociodemographic and behavioral factorsfemalesn = 3,917
American journal of preventive cardiology
Gestational diabetes mellitus
upin humans1
1 study
Gestational diabetes mellitus
upin humans1
Gestational diabetes mellitus is associated with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome stage 2 in humans (non-pregnant US women; adjusted for sociodemographic and behavioral factors) (aPR 1.25, 95% CI 1.13–1.39).
“Significant associations with CKM stage ≥ 2 were observed for gestational diabetes (aPR, 1.25; 95% CI: 1.13, 1.39) and infertility (aPR, 1.14; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.26).”
Humansnon-pregnant US women; adjusted for sociodemographic and behavioral factorsfemalesn = 3,917
American journal of preventive cardiology
Social determinants of health burden
upin humans1
1 study
Social determinants of health burden
upin humans1
Social determinants of health burden is linked with a higher risk of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome stage 2 in humans (compared to Stage 0).
“10% greater odds for Stage 2 (95% CI: 1.07-1.13)”
Humanscompared to Stage 0each 1-point increment50.7% malesn = 13,678
AHA Scientific Sessions 2025 abstract