Change in immune age

1. Residual bacterial DNA content predicts change in immune age in humans.

   “the total bacterial load is unrelated to the subject’s chronological or immune age, but predicts the magnitude of change in immune age over the next year.”

   Humansimmune cellsone year

   Bacterial exposure shapes the trajectory of immune ageing

   bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)·13 Oct 2025Preprint

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