Genetically Predicted Gut Microbial Taxa and Inflammatory Proteins Associated With Atrial Fibrillation: A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization and Colocalization Study

Abstract

Background Observational studies have linked the gut microbiota and inflammatory proteins to atrial fibrillation (AF), but confounding, reverse causation, and instrument validity remain concerns. Methods We evaluated 473 microbial traits and 91 inflammatory proteins in relation to AF using two GWAS datasets.

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