Science Progress

Cumulative C-reactive protein exposure links to COPD risk in adults with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome stages 0-3 (no overt CVD): A prospective cohort study

Figure 1. Flowchart of the study population.
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Figure 1. Flowchart of the study population.Flowchart of the study population.Liu et al.
Cohort study of 4,887 peopleBiomarkers

Declared no competing interests

The paper

Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing University

Science Progress, 20 Aug 2026

doi.org/10.1177/00368504261477194PubMed 42622619