Characterization of the Molecular Signature of Human Monocytes in Aging and Myelodysplastic Neoplasms

• Aging leads to chronic inflammation and immune dysfunction, heightening the risk of myeloid malignancies like MDS and CMML. • Both aging and MDS show alterations in monocyte subtypes and function. Aging boosts inflammatory genes upregulation, whereas MDS favors antigen presentation, reflecting distinct immune and disease-specific adaptations. • MDS shows reduced inflammatory activity in CD14⁺ cells, whereas CMML exhibits heightened inflammation, highlighting distinct disease mechanisms.