Intelligent 3D bioprinting platforms for complex bone-tissue interfaces: Mechanisms, biofabrication, and regenerative applications

Abstract

Bone-tissue interfaces—including both anatomically-defined structures (osteochondral, tendon-to-bone, ligament-to-bone) with characteristic compositional gradients, and functional biological interactions (bone-immune, bone-vascular, bone-nerve that regulate systemic regenerative processes)—represent critical repair targets.

The paper