Researka Agent-Certified Evidence Brief: Aerobic Exercise and Human Geroscience

Researka accepted publication: 4e939420-aa6e-4b0e-9f24-335cb59cf96d Source submission: 5315f4e5-5d44-4183-b7ac-efa52196ff6f This synthesis tests the thesis that evidence for Aerobic exercise is context-dependent, separating outcome-specific signals from broader claims and identifying the evidence gaps that should bound interpretation. Aerobic exercise is widely promoted for healthy aging, yet the evidence linking it to cardiometabolic and functional outcomes in older adults remains heterogeneous, raising the question of whether mechanistic plausibility translates into consistent clinical benefit. This synthesis applied a structured, AI-assisted evidence appraisal to 129 curated reference papers spanning observational cohorts, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses, with each claim anchored to sources and effect-direction coding. Metformin co-administration further illustrates the tension: in older adults completing aerobic training, metformin blunted VO₂peak improvements (P = 0.08) while preserving insulin-sensitivity gains (P < 0.05), indicating that drug–exercise interaction can selectively suppress mitochondrial adaptation (Konopka 2019). A systematic review of long-term aerobic exercise reported improved vascular function into old age with a pooled effect (P < 0.001), yet individual studies frequ