Ambient fine particulate matter

Ambient fine particulate matter is associated with cardiovascular disease mortality in silico (2.16 million deaths in 2015; 1.55 million in 2022; 1.76 million in 2024).

“PM2.5-attributable CVD deaths declined from 2.16 (1.64-2.58) million in 2015 to 1.55 (1.14-1.91) million in 2022, before rebounding to 1.76 (1.30-2.15) million in 2024.”

In silicoEstimated PM2.5-attributable deaths in Chinese Mainland2015–2024

Stronger actions are needed to advance PM2.5 mitigation and its health benefits under population aging in China: Evidence from China's Clean Air Actions

Journal of hazardous materials·29 Jul 2026