Retinal arterial tortuosity

1. Retinal arterial tortuosity is associated with type 2 diabetes in humans.

   “Retinal arterial fractal dimension (FDa) and arterial tortuosity (atts) were independently associated with incident T2DM after adjustment for ADART.”

   HumansAfter adjustment for American Diabetes Association Risk Testretina

   Incremental value of AI-derived retinal vascular parameters for predicting incident type 2 diabetes

   Diabetes research and clinical practice·6 Oct 2026

More on Type 2 diabetes