Phenoloxidase and prophenoloxidase activity

1. Ivermectin decreases phenoloxidase and prophenoloxidase activity in E. intermedius.

   “Whereas males suffered a reduction in PO and proPO with ivermectin and age, female proPO was not affected by ivermectin or age.”

   Model organismsmales

   Immunosuppression and senescence in dung beetles exposed to ivermectin

   bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)·17 Sep 2025Preprint

More on Ivermectin

1. Age is associated with phenoloxidase and prophenoloxidase activity in E. intermedius.

   “Whereas males suffered a reduction in PO and proPO with ivermectin and age, female proPO was not affected by ivermectin or age.”

   Model organismsmales

   Immunosuppression and senescence in dung beetles exposed to ivermectin

   bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)·17 Sep 2025Preprint