Non-protein respiratory quotient

1. Whey protein increases non-protein respiratory quotient in humans (+0.02±0.01 vs. -0.002±0.01, p=0.047, f=0.39).

   “Compared to CON, PRO increased ΔnpRQ (steady state-sleep) for one step exercise bout (+0.02±0.01 vs. -0.002±0.01, p=0.047, f=0.39).”

   Human trialhealthy12 weeksmalesn = 33

   Metabolic flexibility following resistance exercise and a high protein diet in older men: results from a 12-week randomized controlled trial

   Experimental gerontology·19 Mar 2026

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