The chain mediating role of self-efficacy and cognitive function in the relationship between physical exercise and active aging: A cross-sectional study

This study aims to investigate the mediating role of self-efficacy and cognitive function in the relationship between physical exercise and active aging. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 280 older adults (mean age = 71.15 years; 54.3 % male) in Hangzhou, China. Variables were assessed using the Physical Activity Rating Scale, General Self-Efficacy Scale, Montreal Cognitive Assessment, and Active Aging Questionnaire. A multiple mediation model was tested using the PROCESS macro in SPSS. The results showed that physical exercise had a significant positive effect on active aging and its four dimensions. Self-efficacy and cognitive function were found to play serial multiple mediating roles in the relationship between physical exercise and active aging. In conclusion, older adults who engage in higher levels of physical exercise are more likely to exhibit higher self-efficacy in daily life, which may help prevent or delay cognitive decline, ultimately contributing to a higher level of active aging.