Unboiled water

Exposure

1 paper1 finding

  • 1 lab in 1 country
  • Funders: Natural Science Foundation of Tibet Autonomous Region and 2 more
  • Humans1

Associations

1

Mortality

upin humans1HR 1.14

1 study
  1. Unboiled water raises the risk of mortality in humans (HR = 1.14; 95% CI = 1.06-1.23).

    “Participants who drank unboiled water were more likely than those who drank boiled water to eventually reach a high risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.14; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.06-1.23).”

    Humans

    The association between all-cause mortality with drinking habits and water sources: a nationwide longitudinal study on Chinese elderly

    Journal of global health12 Sep 2025

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