Structured exercise combined with dietary and microbiota-targeted care
Intervention1 paper6 findings
- Humans1
Outcomes
2Adverse event incidence
no changein humans1RR 1.171Very low certainty
1 study
Adverse event incidence
no changein humans1RR 1.171Very low certainty
Structured exercise combined with dietary and microbiota-targeted care has no effect on adverse event incidence in humans (RR 1.171; P = 0.478).
HumansT2DM and sarcopenia; compared with conventional management12 monthsn = 128
Longitudinal outcomes associated with structured exercise and dietary and microbiota-targeted care in patients with diabetic sarcopenia: a retrospective cohort study · Frontiers in endocrinology · 22 Sep 2026
Glycemic control
no changein humans1Very low certainty
1 study
Glycemic control
no changein humans1Very low certainty
Structured exercise combined with dietary and microbiota-targeted care has no effect on glycemic control in humans.
HumansT2DM and sarcopenia; HbA1c, HOMA-IR and fasting plasma glucose trajectories compared with conventional management12 monthsn = 128
Longitudinal outcomes associated with structured exercise and dietary and microbiota-targeted care in patients with diabetic sarcopenia: a retrospective cohort study · Frontiers in endocrinology · 22 Sep 2026
Associations
4Short Physical Performance Battery score
upin humans1Very low certainty
1 study
Short Physical Performance Battery score
upin humans1Very low certainty
Structured exercise combined with dietary and microbiota-targeted care is associated with short Physical Performance Battery score in humans (Adjusted between-group difference +1.225 points (95% CI 0.895–1.556)).
HumansT2DM and sarcopenia; added to conventional management versus conventional management alone12 monthsn = 128
Longitudinal outcomes associated with structured exercise and dietary and microbiota-targeted care in patients with diabetic sarcopenia: a retrospective cohort study · Frontiers in endocrinology · 22 Sep 2026
Gait speed
upin humans1Very low certainty
1 study
Gait speed
upin humans1Very low certainty
Structured exercise combined with dietary and microbiota-targeted care is associated with gait speed in humans (Adjusted between-group difference +0.129 m/s (95% CI 0.109–0.149)).
HumansT2DM and sarcopenia; added to conventional management versus conventional management alone12 monthsn = 128
Longitudinal outcomes associated with structured exercise and dietary and microbiota-targeted care in patients with diabetic sarcopenia: a retrospective cohort study · Frontiers in endocrinology · 22 Sep 2026
Handgrip strength
upin humans1Very low certainty
1 study
Handgrip strength
upin humans1Very low certainty
Structured exercise combined with dietary and microbiota-targeted care is associated with handgrip strength in humans (Adjusted between-group difference +3.348 kg (95% CI 2.718–3.983)).
HumansT2DM and sarcopenia; added to conventional management versus conventional management alone12 monthsn = 128
Longitudinal outcomes associated with structured exercise and dietary and microbiota-targeted care in patients with diabetic sarcopenia: a retrospective cohort study · Frontiers in endocrinology · 22 Sep 2026
Skeletal muscle index
upin humans1Very low certainty
1 study
Skeletal muscle index
upin humans1Very low certainty
Structured exercise combined with dietary and microbiota-targeted care is associated with skeletal muscle index in humans (Adjusted between-group difference +0.282 kg/m2 (95% CI 0.177–0.387)).
HumansT2DM and sarcopenia; added to conventional management versus conventional management aloneskeletal muscle12 monthsn = 128
Longitudinal outcomes associated with structured exercise and dietary and microbiota-targeted care in patients with diabetic sarcopenia: a retrospective cohort study · Frontiers in endocrinology · 22 Sep 2026